COUNCIL FOR 1870 . 
13 
Temperature. —From April to August inclusive, the tem¬ 
perature of each month was above a mean, amounting in a 
mean of the five months to an excess of S'’. On the other 
hand, the temperature of the last fom: months of the year was 
below a mean of thirty years. The mean for the year 
has been 48°, the average mean temperature of York, from 
observations commenced in the year 1800 by Jonathan Grray, 
Esq.; * and continued with but little interruption to the present 
time. The tabulated results, printed annually in the Report of 
the Council, begin in the year 1841. The last severe winter 
noted in the reports was that of 1860-61. On December 25th 
of that winter the thermometer at York registered foiu’ degrees 
below Zero, and the mean of that month was 4^ below a mean 
of thirty years. The range of temperature at York in the year 
1870 was 71°, that of 1860 was 77°. 
Rain-Fall.— The Rain-fall for York is 24^ inches, nearly 
the exact mean of thirty years; twenty-four inches having 
been the mean result of the observations of the late Jonathan 
Grray, Esq., as well as those of Professor Phillips, and of the 
observations continued by the Society. At the end of Sep¬ 
tember, in 1870, there was a deficiency in the rain-fall of 42 
inches. The amount for October was 6^ inches, unprecedented 
in the Register of York, being an excess of inches. The 
surplus for December was 1^^ inch. 
The range of the amount of rain-fall in York is 18 inches, 
from a maximum in 1848, of 36 inches to a minimum in 1850 
of 18 inches. The mean rain-fall of the last ten years was 
23*93 inches, from a maximum of 27*9 in 1869 to a minimum 
of 20*2 inches in 1861. 
* See Rivers, Mountains, &c., of Yorkshire, by Prof. Phillips, page 144. 
