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TICK ABNORMALITIES. 
By GEORGE H. F. NUTTALL, F.R.S. 
{From the Quick Laboratory, University of Cambridge.) 
(With 11 Text-figures.) 
In a paper published with Warburton in 1909 {Parasitology, ii. 
70-76, Figs. 17-26), I described and figured a number of abnormalities 
observed in ticks of which the most remarkable were two specimens, 
Boophihis decoloratus <S and Rhijncejjhalus sanguineus S (Figs. 22, 25 
and 26), showing two ani together with a duplication of the adanal 
shields ; in the Rhipicejihalus duplication was more pronounced in 
that a subcircular spiracle was present posteriorly in the median line ; 
the Boopthilus exhibited two caudal spines. The other specimens 
figured w^ere Hyalomma aegyptium ^ and Boophilus australis (Figs. 
18 and 21) which showed underdeveloped adanal plates on the right 
side. All of these specimens were found attached to a host. 
In the course of the last five years, during which some thousands 
of ticks have passed through our hands, a number of abnormalities 
have been encountered, of which 11 are herewith described and 
figured since they are sufficiently remarkable to be recorded. All of 
the figures were drawn by me with the aid of a Camera lucida and 
Zeiss binocular dissecting microscope. 
Specimen 1. 
(Fig. 1.) Rhipicejjhalus appendiculatus Neumann, 1908, $ (N. 948), 
from Cape Colony, received xii. 1909 from Mr C. P. Lounsbury, who 
kindly presented me with the specimen. The posterior portion of the 
body shows duplication, the creature possessing two ani and two sets 
of adanal shields ; it somewhat resembles the two monstrosities already 
