126 
THE ART OF SHOEING SIMPLIFIED. 
inner part of the body of the os femoris, to the internal condyle 
of that bone, and to the inner part of the head of the tibia. 
Relations .—Posteriorly and externally, with the faschia and 
skin; internally, with the biceps abductor and heads of the 
gastrocnemii; anteriorly, with the gracilis. 
Direction. —Longitudinal; inclining forwards in a curve. 
Structure .—Entirely fleshy, with the exception of the ex¬ 
tremities. The upper extremity is prolonged as high as the 
sacrum by means of aponeurosis, which forms part of the 
faschia lata. The inferior extremity is affixed to the condyle 
by a strong flattened tendon. 
Action .—That of the three adductors is to extend the os femoris 
upon the pelvis; so that they are opponents to the psoas 
magnus and iliacus, which flex the haunch: they are also pow¬ 
erful adductors of the whole limb. The great adductor will, 
moreover, assist in bending the thigh, and will rotate it inwards 
a little. 
[To be continued.] 
Communication# ant! Ca#c#* 
i 
Ars veterinaria post medicinam secunda est. —Yegetius. 
THE ART OF HORSE-SHOEING SIMPLIFIED, 
AND UNFETTERED; 
OR THE BENEFIT OF THE IRON DEFENCE WITHOUT THE BANE, BY 
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF NAILING. 
By Mr. James Turner, V. S ., 311, Regent Street , London. 
[Read at the Veterinary Medical Society, Feb. 9, 1831.] 
Gentlemen, 
By the heading of this paper you will perceive that I am 
about to refer to two former papers of mine, on Side-nailed 
Shoeing, published in the July and September numbers of The 
Veterinarian for 1829. 
Having nothing to suggest on the method of shoeing now in 
common use in this metropolis, I shall not occupy your time by 
the details of a subject with which we are all so familiarized, 
but propose forthwith to submit to your consideration a variety 
of advantages accruing from the new unfettered system of shoe- 
