ON ONE-SIDED NAILING. 
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ments of “ A Constant Reader 1 ’ may he just, when considered as 
respects the foot alone ; but when he compares together thing's, 
between which there is no analogy, no resemblance in the 
shape, or similarity in the functions, he is reckoning altogether 
without his host, and involving himself in errors, from which no 
geometrical talent can extricate him. The sole no doubt, besides 
its other functions, serves as a strong bond of union, strength- 
eningand connecting the inferior part of the crust, and preventing 
it from expanding or spreading beyond a certain point, but in 
the common shoe we discover nothing at all corresponding to 
this; there is no danger of the shoe enlarging, and therefore 
nothing required to prevent it: then, again, this function of the 
sole is called into action while the foot is on the ground, with a 
great portion of the weight of the body resting upon it, but the 
shoe is in the greatest danger of being thrown when the foot is 
oft* the ground, passing rapidly through the air; thus, “ as it is 
with the foot so it is” not “ with the shoe.” 
I own, that in looking at Mr. Turner’s system there is an ap¬ 
parent insecurity, but at the same time I am convinced, that, on 
a deeper examination, this apparent insecurity will disappear. 
Now let us compare Mr. T.’s shoe with the outline of the college 
shoe, and I am not aware that there is any complaint against its 
security, and I pledge myself that the figure I have drawn is a 
correct resemblance. Mr. Turner dispenses with two or three nails 
on the inside , and by so doing is enabled to put one or two addi¬ 
tional ones on the outside , and the rest towards the toe. What 
is lost on the inside is very nearly made up on the outside , and 
there is but very little difference between the quantity of iron 
unpierced with nails in one shoe and in the other. Then like¬ 
wise it must be considered, that the horn is much thicker 
on the outer than on the inner quarter, is better adapted to re¬ 
ceive the nails, and forms a more effectual holdfast for the 
shoe. 
I believe it is generally acknowledged that the foot in its 
natural state expands at every step, the shoe therefore must re¬ 
sist this expansion;—thus there are two forces opposed to each 
other. Now r the resistance of the nails must either overcome the 
expansion of the foot, or the w eight of the animal and the ex¬ 
pansive powers of the foot must overcome the resistance of the 
nails; if the latter takes place, the nails must be bent out of 
their situation, and weakened accordingly. This of course cannot 
take place with side-nailing; and the possession of this superio¬ 
rity is fully equivalent to any advantage the old system may 
otherwise possess. The security of side-nailing is far greater 
than I at first expected, and I attribute it to the circumstance 
