684 MR. youatt’s veterinary lectures. 
possible to reach it with the elevator, for, with the exception of a 
very small space, about half way down the nasal bone, and on 
the suture between the nasal and the superior maxillary, and 
which you may see in this preparation, the turbinated bones will 
be in the way. The trephine must then be resorted to in the first 
instance. It is necessary that the wound, if there be any, should 
be covered : a compress should be kept on it, not fastened round 
the jaws with a bandage, for the patient must eat, but attached 
to the ring of a snaffle below, and to some of the head-gear, as 
may be most convenient, above. 
If the fractured parts protrude outwardly, which, however, will 
rarely occur, they must be replaced, if possible, in their natural 
ituation, or dissected out, or cut off. Perhaps it may be neces- 
s ssary to use considerable force in detaching the loosened bone. 
A writer in one of the French periodicals relates a case in 
which a horse was violently kicked, and there was a contused 
wound, with depression of the bone. He applied the trephine, 
and extracted fifteen splinters. Finding pus in the maxillary 
sinus, he opened that, and the case terminated well. 
Here is a specimen of dreadful fracture of the nasal, frontal, 
and lachrymal bones, with considerable caries. The history of 
the case I do not know. 
I will suppose that you have replaced the fractured edges of 
the bone; re-union has taken place; the external wound has 
healed ; and, except a slight discharge from the nostril, occasion¬ 
ally purulent, the animal appears to be well. Do not be too 
sanguine. I shall have to speak to you of the structure of the 
nasal membrane, so vascular and so sensible, and of the conti¬ 
nual sources of irritation to which it is exposed, and you will 
then deem it possible, at least, that inflammation and ulceration 
may continue, and at length degenerate into that peculiar form 
which seems to be, as it were, the natural termination of every 
injury of the membrane of the nose, and every chronic disease of 
the frame ; —the horse may eventually become glandered : there¬ 
fore do not be too sanguine. Let your prognosis, even in the 
most favourable case, be exceedingly guarded. 
If, however, you escape glanders, there may be some trouble¬ 
some sequelae of the case. Some small portion of bone may re¬ 
main depressed, or the membrane maybe thickened by inflamma¬ 
tion. The nasal passage will then be obstructed, and a difficulty 
of breathing will ensue in rapid action, very much resembling 
roaring. 
Ozena, or the establishment of a stinking ulcer, which will 
baffle all your attempts to get rid of the foetor, may follow. 
