G. H. F. Nuttall 
439 
temperature of 110-120° C. (needlessly high) can be attained inside the 
box within 30 minutes. When once heated, and refilled, it warms up again 
to the required degree in a few minutes, even when the outside tempera¬ 
ture registers 0° C. 
Practical experience has shown that in all structures built on this 
plan it is necessary to guard against the danger of scorching the effects 
that are placed in too close proximity to the heated iron plate at the 
bottom of the box. 
Hot-air pit (Bass, 1916). A pit is dug in the earth and shored up 
with rough timbers and roofed similarly and topped with tarpaulin or 
galvanized iron. The air is heated by a chimney that is separated from 
the heating chamber by sheet iron. The clothing is hung up in rows in 
the chamber. The latter may also be used for sulphur fumigation. 
Fig. 3. Hot-air disinfestor according to Seligmann and Sokolowsky. This is built upon a 
kitchen range. (A) transverse vertical section and (B) horizontal section midway through 
the chamber. (C) horizontal section through smoke conduit beneath iron range plate. 
Brick oven erected on kitchen range. Seligmann and Sokolowsky 
(1915, p. 962) describe a brick superstructure to a kitchen range which 
has been in use in. all the hospitals of a Division of the German Eastern 
Army. The ranges in those parts project into rooms. A double-walled 
structure is built upon the top of the range, the walls being no thicker 
than the width of a brick and enclosing an air-space between them. 
The general plan is shown in Fig. 3 A. According to the authors, the 
oven costs ca. £2. 10s. to £3 exclusive of workmen’s wages and it takes 
a day and a half to build. A temperature of 120-150° C. can be attained 
in the oven and its working capacity is 12 suits of clothing per hour or 
144 per 24 hrs. at a calculated running expenditure of 1 Pfennig per suit. 
The ovens can be arranged in pairs (Fig. 3 B), in which case the fire doors 
