Attachment III - Page 7 
(3) 
As knowledge about the genes increases, the bio-engineers will inevitably 
gain new insights into the functioning of more complex characteristics, such 
as those associated with behavior and thoughts. Many scientists are already 
contending that schizophrenia and other "abnormal" psychological states 
result from genetic disorders or defects. Others now argue that "antisocial" 
behavior, such as criminality and social protest, are also examples of 
malfunctioning genetic information. One prominent neurophysiologist has 
gone so far as to say "there can be no twisted thought without a twisted 
molecule." Many sociobiologists contend that virtually all human activity is 
in some way determined by our genetic make-up and that if we wish to 
change this situation, we must change our genes. 
Whenever we begin to discuss the idea of genetic defects there is no way to 
limit the discussion to one or two or even a dozen so called disorders 
because of a hidden assumption that lies behind the very notion of 
"defective." Ethicist Daniel Callahan penetrates to the core of the problem 
when he observes that "behind the human horror at genetic defectiveness 
lurks. ..an image of the perfect human being. The very language of 'defect,' 
abnormality,' 'disease,' and 'risk,' presupposes such an image, a kind of 
proto-type of perfection." 
The question, then, is whether or not humanity should "begin" the process of 
engineering future generation of human beings by technological design in the 
laboratory. 
What is the price we pay for embarking on a course whose final goal is the 
"perfection" of the human species? 
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