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behind it. When your principal Out-lines are drawn, you may touch over iome 
of the lefs principal Lines in order to have as much of the Print on the Plate as you 
can. When all is drawn, take off the Print, and you will find the Colour flicking 
to your Ground, wherever you have drawn over it with your Stick. If you have a 
curious Drawing, or Print of value to copy, you may rub your Colour into another 
Paper, which may be laid on the Plate fir ft, with the colour’d Side downwards, and 
your Drawing may be laid on that, and it will do pretty well; but you will have a 
"better Out-Line through a fingle Paper, than through a double one.-—When your 
Defign is traced on the Plate, you muft be furnifhed with Tools to etch withal. 
Needles for Etching. 
'TP 7 ARE half a Dozen Needles, of different Sizes, which may be ftuck into fmali 
Cedar-Sticks for Handles; the Points may be drove into the Sticks, after 
which you may break off their Heads, and grind new Points on a Hone or Oil-ftone : 
Thefe may be of various Degrees of Sharpnefs, in order to make Strokes of different 
Breadths. When you are fo furnifhed, you may begin to work on your Copper. 
Of Etching on your Varnifhed Plate. 
I T will be neceffary, before you begin, to have a Piece of very clean, foft, old 
Linen Rag, with all the Seams and Selvages torn off: This may lie double under 
the Hand you work with, to keep the Heat, Sweat, or Roughnefs of your Hand, or 
Nails, from foftening, fcratching, or otherwife injuring the Ground. Then take 
one of your Middle-fized Needles, and trace over the Out-Lines that you have made 
on the Copper, minding to touch ftrong enough to cut through your Varnifh. When 
all your Lines are traced, you may wipe the Plate with a foft, wet Spunge, to take 
off the colour’d Out-Line; fo fihall you fee what you have traced with your Needle 
more diftindtly : Then fet the Print or Drawing before you, on a Hoping Board or 
Defk, and carefully copy it in its lejj'er Lines , by your Eye, observing to touch 
with a fine pointed Needle, and a very light Hand, the light Parts of the Print or 
Drawing you copy ; and, with blunter pointed Needles, give more Strength to 
your Strokes, as the Darknefs of the Shadows increafes; and by a little Practice, 
Obfervation and Care, a Piece may be finifhed this Way, without the help of en¬ 
graving after the common Method. 
I have found by Experience, that fome Labour may be faved in Etching , by a 
Sort of Artifice, which has an Effedt beyond any Thing that can be performed 
with the Needle; that is, in Cafe you have a dark Gbjedt, on which you would 
reprefent many fmali white, or light Spots, firft etch fuch Objedt witli dole crofs 
Hatches, fo thick that it would print almoft Black; then take a fine Hair Pencil, 
dipped in common Turpentine Varnifh and a little Lamp Black, and touch with 
the Pencil what fhaped or fized Spots you would exprefs on the abovefaid dark ftrong 
Hatching, and it will dry on, and prevent the Aqua Fortis from taking Effedt, or 
c-ating in thofe Places; and fo they will print White. For Example fake, I will 
point out to you feveral Birds in this Work, wherein I have ufed this Method, viz. 
