South Australian Shells. 
S.A* NAT., VOL. XV. 
June 12-th, 1934. 
boidal, oblique, narrow; basal margin sulcate-denticulate; colu¬ 
mella strong, oblique, terminating below in a large tooth, ringent 
above; columella callous, ringent, plicate. Height 10, diam. 11 
mm. Point Sinclair (typical); Streaky Bay (Tate), Edithburgh 
(Matthews), a series of four approximate to Pilsbry’s illustration, 
although they seem closely allied to C. y ate si Crosse. Western 
Australia—Geographe Bay, Yallingup, Ellensbrook, Bunbury, 
Rottnest Island, not uncommon. (Type locality—Australia, 
Western Coast. We designate Geographe Bay). Distinguished 
by the conical form, not depressed or gibbous like the majority 
of Clanculus species. It is sometimes quite narrow, the height 
greater than the diameter. 
C. dunkeri Koch 1843 (Trochus | Monodonta]). PI. 1, 
fig. 6. (— C. rubens Angas 1865). “Dunker’s Clanculus.” Orb¬ 
icularly conoid or subdepressed, thick, solid, having a little 
hollow or depression at the place of the umbilicus; pale brown¬ 
ish-red, tubercles darker; obliquely striated, and with spiral 
granulose lirae, three on the penultimate whorl, eight or nine on 
the last whorl, of which the first is composed of larger beads, and 
the fourth forms the periphery, the interstices almost as wide as 
the lirae; whorls five, the first whitish, often eroded, the last 
brownish purplish or red; last whorl somewhat gibbous and des¬ 
cending towards the aperture, which in adult specimens is some¬ 
what contracted and sub-trigonal; outer lip terminating in a 
small denticle, columella short, concave, smooth, terminating in 
an acute narrow denticle, which is separated from a similar smaller 
tubercle on the base by a narrow notch. Height 8, diam. 11 mm. 
Common on all South Australian beaches, and Western Australian 
as far as Albany; also dredged alive to 10 fathoms, and dead to 
35 fathoms, (lype locality—Adelaide). The species is nearly 
conical; beach shells reddish, live ones much darker; mouth and 
about the umbilicus pure white; interior nacreous; whorls five 
to six, faintly' convex, and wound round with rows of nodules, 
except the smooth protoconch; last whorl well rounded, base 
convex; mouth rhomboidal with rounded angles. Allied to C. 
y ate si Crosse, but more solid, less keeled at the periphery, spiral 
lirae fewer. Umbilicus verv shallow for the genus. 
Edithburgh 9 fathoms, three examples immature. \\ hen 
young there are four spirals of relatively large tubercles, the 
largest being around the perforation. As the shell grows the 
base becomes rounder and the tubercles, compared with those 
on the spire, increase more rapidly in size though still remain¬ 
ing smaller than the infra-sutural row; they are of a bluish-black 
colour. Also Kingston 3, black with a reddish tinge, four spiral 
lirae and five basal, but between the former near the aperture 
