69 
Adult male (Foochow, 8th May).—Fesembles the female, but is a trifle more blue in tinge of 
colour and has rather more blue on the tail-feathers. Total length about lO'O inches, gape l'3o, 
wing 7‘3, tail 3-8, tarsus O'8. 
An adult male from S. Tenasserim differs from the above in being much greener in general tinge 
of colour and rather paler on the head ; inner secondaries with rather less blue on the external webs; 
tail as in the above specimen, with only the basal half of the feathers margined with blue. 
Young (Sanghir Island).—Differs from the adult only in having the blue on the throat much less 
developed and rather duller in colour, and in having the bill blackish yellowish at base and along 
the gape. 
Another full-grown immature bird from Sikkim (spec, c) has no trace of blue on the throat 
and the bill is rather darker, but it has the pale blue patch on the base of the primaries fairly well 
developed, and the underparts, especially the breast, are duller in colour. 
Nestling ( S , Butuan, May).—Besembles the adult, but there is the merest tinge of blue on the 
throat, the blue patch being absent, and the silvery-blue patch on the primaries is also lacking, and 
the bill is black, the base and the edge of the gape yellowish. In life, according to Mr. Styan, 
“ the upper mandible is black, rimmed with yellow, the lower mandible reddish, the feet dark red 
above.” 
As above indicated, the present species has a wide range, extending from the Amoor and India 
to China and Japan, and from Ceylon to the Philippines and Moluccas. 
In India this Roller is found in the valleys of the Himalayas (and is by no means rare in those 
of Sikkim), in Lower Bengal, Assam, and Burmah. Col. Godwin-Austen met with it at Dinapur in 
the Naga Hills; Mr. Ingiis speaks of it as being not uncommon in North-eastern Cachar, where it 
remains throughout the year; and Hume states that, according to Thompson, it breeds in the lerai 
below Kumaon and extends from the Sardah to the Ganges, being especially numerous in the Kotree 
Doon. According to Mr. Oates {1. c.) it is “ locally distributed over the greater part of Burmah. 
Mr. Blyth records it from Arrakan ; I observed it in Pegu in the hills north of Pegu Town, at 
Tonghoo, and at Shwaygheen; Capt. Wardlaw Ramsay got it on the Karin hills, and Mr. Blanford 
at Bassein; Mr. Davison states that it is confined to the southern portion of ienasseiim, but 
Capt. Bingham found it in the Thoungyeen valley.” It occurs throughout Southern India to Ceylon 
and the Andamans. Mr. Rhodes W. Morgan records it as being by no means rare in the Malabar 
forests, and he obtained it at Nellumbore. Capt. Vipan met with it near the foot of the Carcoor 
Ghat of the Nilghiris. Mr. Bourdillon, who records it from the Travancore hills as nowhere 
abundant and probably only a visitor, observed it in August, during the winter months, in April, and 
as late as May. In Ceylon it is, according to Col. Legge, almost without exception the rarest 
resident form ; ” he only met with it twice. Layard states that but three specimens came under 
his notice, and there have been but few other records of its occurrence in that island. In the 
Andamans, according to Davison (Jide Hume), it is comparatively common about Port Moiiat, Mount 
Harriet, and other well-wooded places. 
It ranges in Asia as far north as Amoorland. Dr. Radde records a young bird as having been 
obtained at Port May by Dr. Wulfiius. Dr. Dybowski states that it was seen but not obtained in 
