30 
ROMAN POTTERY FOUND IN BRITAIN. 
Northern Europe with the legions from Italy at the beginning of 
our era, and remained for centuries the base type of the military 
cooking-pot or olla. Lceschcke, Haltern V., p. 239, Abb. 32, 1—8, 
type 57. It was probably half-a-century later in reaching Britain. 
Its form was determined by convenience or necessity, and any 
slight changes it underwent in the course of its development are 
too minute to be perceptible on a reduced drawing or photograph. 
Therefore it affords little or no aid in determining dates and is 
only useful for identifying the type of vessel. 
2. — Inbent rim. The edge of the boldly rounded, turned-in 
shoulder, ends in a slight thickening or bead, or is folded over 
upon itself and grooved on the surface. This form of vessel was 
taken over by the Romans on their first arrival in Lower Germany 
from an earlier Belgic or barbaric prototype, and was imitated in 
their potteries at Xanten in terra nigra technique. 
It almost disappeared from Germany, and probably also from 
Britain in the time of Claudius (a.d. 41 — 54), but continued in the 
Danubian provinces down to a later period. Lceschcke, Haltern 
V., p. 240, type 58, Abb. 32, a—c, plate XX., 15, 17, and p. 294, 
type 91, Abb. 48, 1 — 5, plate XXV., 1, 10; Drexel, Faimingen, 
p. 90, 3. 
The vessel is known as the “ Haltern cooking-pot,” and appears 
to have been widely distributed in the east and south of Britain 
in the first-half of the I. Century. 
It is represented by the bead-rim bowls and ollae of the 
I. Century from excavations in Casterley Camp, illustrated in the 
recent Catalogue of Antiquities in Devizes Museum, E. 35, 36, 
plate LXY., 3, 4, 6, 10. 
The inbent rims of later date are more upright and end in 
triangular or heart-shaped thickenings. 
3. — Rimless Olla. The shoulder of the vessel ascends in an ogee 
curve until upright or ends with a slight outward bend in a plain 
or beaded lip, without any distinct form of rim. 
The vessel is clearly of La Tene type and was made in Belgic 
terra nigra. It seldom descends lower than the early Domitian 
period (circa, a.d. 80—90), in the castella of the German limes, and 
is not often found in Britain. One or two fragments from the 
bottom of an earl)' pit at Caersws have been recognised but not 
published. 
Ritterling, Hofheim,Y I., 19; Riese, Iledd. Mitteil, IV. (Praun- 
heim graves), pp. 13, 14, plate I., 2, 3, 4 ; Wolff, Ibid. p. 51, 20, 
3 8 > 49 > 5 °> 5 2 * 
