39 
ROMAN POTTERY FOUND IN BRITAIN. 
17. Bell-mouthed Cup, with strongly moulded profile. The form 
is imitated from a rare terra sigillata cup illustrated in C. R. 
Smith's Cat. of London Antiquities , p. 25, No. 98. 
Fumed grey clay with a darker surface produced by steeping. 
18. Rim Fragment of Carinated Bowl, form 29, Drag. Below 
the lip and at the angle of the side girth-grooves. 
Hard dirty greyish-white clay, containing sand grains, blue-grey at core; 
surface polished. 
Original diameter 8 ins. 
Surface decay and the absence of the base make doubtful 
whether this bowl, when complete, belonged to the true terra 
nigra type of Ritterling, Hofheim, p. 79, VI., 18, described as 
Belgic ware. Whether or no the form is similar, and Drexel, 
Faimingen, p. 77, Fig. 5, profile 4, describing a similar fragment, 
grey-fumed and surface polished, under the head of “ Belgic and 
allied wares,” assigns to it a date of about 100 a.d. 
The form and that of the sigillata bowl, form 29, with embossed 
ornament, go back to a common prototype, the La Tene form, 
illustrated by F. and N. Thiollier, Fouilles du Mont Beuvray, 
Album, plate XXVI. 
Several fragments of the same type, including one with the 
whole of the ineaved base with foot-ring, were found in a deep pit 
at Wilderspool, during excavations in 1910. The fragment illus¬ 
trated, though small, is interesting owing to its origin and affinity 
to the early sigillata bowl of La Graufesenque. 
19. Flat-rimmed or Flanged Bowl, type 56, Loeschcke. 
Fumed grey soft clay. 
Height 3I ins., diams. of rim ins., base 3 ins. 
The type of dinner bowl or porringer, German essnapf, of the 
soldiers garrisoning the forts throughout the nothern provinces of 
the Empire from Faimingen on the Upper Danube in Rhaitia to 
Holt-on-the-Dee in the west of Britain, during the I. and early II. 
Centuries. It is often found partly coated with soot and blackened 
by use as a cooking utensil, and associated with a lid for which 
its flat rim is evidently adapted. In one recorded instance it was 
used as a cinerary urn (see below). Its usual ornaments are 
grooves on the surface of the rim and round the body, or wavy 
or latticed lines round the latter instead. 
Being of Italian origin, it made its appearance in the early 
camp at Haltern ( b.c . 11— a.d. 9), along with the legions, but 
