129 
In the Volcanic Region 
bearing narrow, pointed, leathery leaves. The colossal stems 
of the mutoie are only seen on the valley slopes, reaching to 
a circumference of some five metres. At a considerable height 
they split into branches which bear a rich epiphite flora. The 
tops are of a peculiar brownish colour as the leaves have a rusty 
reddish felt-like surface. A stately specimen of this kind was 
pointed out to us as the “ sleeping tree ” of the tschego or 
chimpanzee. The most common tree is, perhaps, the Polyscias 
polybotrya Harms. ^ belonging to the araliace^, the “umungu ” of 
the natives. Then there are also Macaranga kiltmandscharica Pax 
—“mlala ”—belonging to the euphorbiaceae, and Cornus Volkensii 
Harms. 
The tiny Batwa tribe live in this mountain forest, small in 
respect to physique, but not as regards their powers of propaga¬ 
tion, for they populate the whole forest zone. In the territory 
traversed by the expedition three different families of Batwa 
became known to us. Besides those dwelling in the Bugoie 
forest, a second on Kwidschwi, the largest island of Lake Kiwu, 
and a third described by Dr. Czekanowski in the Ruwenzori 
chain. 
At first all the Batwa were looked upon as belonging to the 
race of pygmies, but any general acceptance to this effect would 
be an error. “ Mutwa ” in the singular, “Batwa” in the plural, 
appear from Dr. Czekanowski’s exact investigations to be the 
common designations for small men. 
Measurements taken by Raven and myself, and others taken 
later by Czekanowski, of the Batwa in the Bugoie forest showed 
an average height of i.6o metres. Some attained a height of 
1.70 metres. A people possessing such an average height cannot 
therefore be esteemed pygmies. Czekanowski designates the 
Batwa of the Bugoie forest simply small negroes. In his opinion 
it is not exactly probable, though quite possible, that the ancestors 
of the Batwa were pygmies, and that their development has been 
influenced by intermarriage with the negro tribes. Reasoning 
from impressions received in a general way, I am inclined to 
support this theory, for the Bugoie tribe is entirely different from 
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