278 
In the Heart of Africa 
are to follow this narrative. Any final judgment concerning the 
value of the scientific results attained by the expedition will not 
be possible yet for a considerable time. 
As regards topography; the so-called “white spot,” i.e, the 
territory north of Mpororo, between the Kagera and the Kaki- 
tumbe, was thoroughly surveyed in two plane table surveys on 
a scale of i: 100,000, with an area of 2,700 square kilometres. 
Further, the volcanic region beginning at the northern point of 
Lake Kiwu, nearly up to the 30th degree of longitude, was 
surveyed on a scale of i : 100,000, with an area of 2,500 square 
kilometres. One hundred and thirty stereographic views were 
taken of fifty-one theodolite stations, which were computed later 
by the stereo-comparator, and which have yielded a positive 
groundwork for the survey of the country. Observations of 
altitude were taken at three hundred and fifty various points by 
means of the barometer and the thermomenter. After finishing 
the plane table surveys, attention was devoted to the road 
surveys, which were revised and amplified by means of the photo¬ 
theodolite and by astronomical observations. This work went 
on without intermission; when our topographer fell ill it was 
still supervised by him from his invalid hammock. Longi¬ 
tudinal, latitudinal and time computations were made with the 
assistance of eight chronometers. Magnetic observations were 
taken at fourteen stations with deviation, magnometer and 
standard compass. Two maps covering an area of 8,670 square 
kilometres have now been completed and are ready for the 
printer. 
Our geological investigations in the north-western part of 
German East Africa, especially the geological cartographical 
survey of the “white spot,” went hand in hand with the topo¬ 
graphical work. Working conjointly, our geologist and topo¬ 
grapher succeeded in making a geological profile chart of Bukoba 
right through Karagwe and Ruanda to Kissenji on Lake Kiwu. 
Close attention was given to the contingent possibility of useful 
minerals being discovered. Search made in this direction led to 
the finding of veins of iron ore in the quartzites. Further, 
