io 
COINS. 
Salonina n, Postumus n, Victorinus 282, Marius 3, Tetricus 
Pater 1087, Tetricus Filius 233, uncertain Tetrici 87, Claudius 
Gothicus 160, Quintillus 9, Aurelianus 3, illegible 452, making a 
total of 2542. Of these, Lord Londesborough presented 1538, 262 
of which were sent to Leeds Museum. W. Rudston Reed also 
presented 53 to York Museum. 
The Rev. J. Kendrick, in a paper on Lord Londesborough’s 
gift, stated “ there are about 1500 almost entirely of the third brass, 
and these exhibit a very debased state of the coinage, natural in a 
period of confusion, foreign war and internal insurrection. Great 
abuses appear to have prevailed in the Roman mint, and when 
Aurelian endeavoured to reform them, the consequence was an 
insurrection of the moneyers, to put down which cost the Emperor 
7,000 of his soldiers. 
“ The period of these coins is from 253 to 273 or a little later ; 
a period which possesses a sort of epic unity, since the reign of 
Valerian, with which it begins, exhibits the deepest degradation 
of the majesty of the Roman empire, and that of Aurelian, who was 
elected in 270, witnessed the restoration of the unity (temporarily 
destroyed by the Thirty Tyrants), the subjugation of the barbarians, 
and the fortification of Rome. 
“ The coins of Victorinus and Tetricus are very abundant in 
Britain, and particularly in York and Aldborough and their vicinity. 
It is evident that Britain was subject to the rulers of Gaul during 
this period. It is remarkable that among the coins found at Warter, 
’ there are 9 of Quintillus, the brother of Claudius Gothicus, who 
reigned only seventeen days, and 3 of Marius, who is said to have 
reigned only three days. No time seems to have been lost by the 
new emperors in assuming the prerogatives and titles of sovereignty. 
“ The coins of this period attest the increase of the solar wor¬ 
ship, caused by the growing influence of Asiatic, and especially 
Syrian, rites and usages at Rome. It is seen in the legend, Oriens 
Augusta, with the figure of the sun, and in the radiated crown 
which all the Emperors wear. The crescent moon, placed beneath 
the head of Salonina and other Empresses, is also a proof of astral 
worship. 
“ The period in which these coins were struck was one of great 
calamity, exciting the superstitious fears of the people. An extra- 
ordinary number exhibit figures of the gods, with the legends, 
Jupiter Conservator, Propugnator and Ultor, Neptunus Conservator, 
Apollo Conservator, Diana Conservatrix, Liber Pater Conservator, 
