642 
TRADE RESTRICTIONS. 
Chap, XXXI. 
making offerings of food, beer, &c. When undergoing the ordeal, 
they hold up their hands to the Euler of Heaven, as if appealing 
to him to assert their innocence. Wlien they escape, or recover 
from sickness, or are delivered from any danger, they offer a 
sacrifice of a fowl or a sheep, pouring out the blood as a libation 
to the soul of some departed relative. They believe in the 
transmigration of souls; and also that while persons are still 
living they may enter into lions and alligators, and then return 
again to their own bodies. 
While still at Tete the son of Monomotapa paid the Comman¬ 
dant a visit. He is named Mozungo, or Wliite Man,” has a 
narrow tapermg head, and probably none of the ability or energy 
his father possessed. He was the favourite of his father,- who 
hoped that he would occupy his place. A strong party, however, in 
the tribe placed Katalosa in the chieffcainship, and the son became, 
as they say, a ckOd of this man. The Portuguese have repeatedly 
received offers of territory if they would only attend the inter¬ 
ment of the departed clhef with troops, fire off many rounds of 
cartridges over the grave, and then give dclat to the instalment 
of the new cliief. Their presence would probably influence the 
election, for many would vote on the side of power, and a candi¬ 
date might feel it worth while to grant a good piece of land, if 
thereby he could secure the chieftainship to himself. When the 
Portuguese traders wish to pass into the country beyond Katalosa, 
they present him .with about thirty-two yards of calico and some 
other goods, and he then gives them leave to pass in whatever 
direction they choose to go. They must, however, give certain 
quantities of cloth to a number of inferior chiefs beside, and they 
are subject to the game-laws. They have thus a body of ex¬ 
clusive tribes around them, preventing direct intercourse between 
them and the population beyond. It is strange that, when they 
had the power, they did not insist on the free navigation of the 
Zambesi. I can only account for tliis in tho same way in wliich 
I accounted for a similar state of things in the west. All the 
traders have been in the hands of slaves, and have wanted that 
moral courage which a free man, with free servants on whom he 
can depend, usually possesses. If the English had been here, 
they would have insisted on the fr’ee navigation of this pathway 
as an indispensable condition of friendship^ The present system 
