Chap. XXXII. GORGE AND RANGE OF LUPATA. 
655 
After a breakfast of tea, roasted eggs, and biscuits next morning, 
he presented six fowls and three goats as provisions for the journey. 
When we parted from him we passed the stockade of Bonga at 
the confluence of the Luenya, but did not go near it, as he is said 
to be very suspicious. The Portuguese advised me not to take 
any observation, as the instruments might awaken fears in Bonga's 
mind, but Manoel said I might do so if I wished; his garden, 
however, being above the confluence, could not avail as a geo¬ 
graphical point. There are some good houses in the stockade. 
The trees of wliich it is composed, seemed to me to be living and^ 
could not be burned. It was strange to see a stockade menacing 
the whole commerce of the river in a situation where the guns of 
a vessel would have full play on it, but it is a formidable afiau* for 
those who have only muskets. On one occasion, when Nyaude 
was attacked by Kisaka, they fought for weeks; and though 
Nyaude was reduced to cutting up liis copper anklets for balls, his 
enemies were not able to enter the stockade. 
On the 24th we sailed only about tlu’ee hours, as we had done 
the day before; but having come to a small island at the western 
entrance of the gorge of Lupata, where Dr. Lacerda is said to have 
taken an astronomical observation, and called it the island of Mo¬ 
zambique, because it was believed to be in the same latitude, or 
15° 1', I wished to verify his position and remaiued over night; 
my informants must have been mistaken, for I found the island 
of Mozambique here to be, lat. 16° 34' 46" S., long. 33° 51' E. 
Eespecting tliis range, to wliich the gorge has given a name, 
some Portuguese writers have stated it to be so high that snow 
lies on it during the whole year, and that it is composed of 
marble. It is not so high in appearance as the Campsie Hills 
when seen from the Yale of Clyde. The western side is the most 
abrupt, and gives the idea of the greatest height, as it rises up 
.perpendicularly from the water six or seven hundred feet. As 
seen fr^om this httle island, it is certainly no higher than Arthur’s 
Seat appears from Prince’s-street, Edinburgh. The rock is com¬ 
pact siliceous schist of a slightly reddish colour, and in thin 
strata; the island on which we slept, looks as if torn off from 
the opposite side of the gorge, for the strata are twisted and 
torn in every direction. The eastern side of the range is 
much more sloping than the western, covered with trees, and 
