254 
MAJOR A. E. OXLEY ON THE INFLUENCE OF MOLECULAR 
2. Elements and Inorganic Compounds. 
Substance. 
Magnetic 
nature. 
Latent heat. 
Density. 
Energy 
(ergs per cubic 
centimetre). 
Bismuth. 
diamagnetic 
13 (calories per gramme) 
9-8 
5-3 ^ x 10'^’ 
Cadmium. 
14 
8-6 
5-0 xl09 
Lead. 
55 
5 
11-4 
2-4 xl0» 
Silver. 
55 
22 
10-5 
9-7 xl09 
Zinc. 
28 
7-1 
8-3 xlO'^ 
Phosphorus .... 
55 
5 
1-8 
0-38 X 10» 
Mercury. 
55 
3 
13-6 
1-7 xl09 
Copper . 
55 
43 
8-9 
16-0 xl09 
Sulphur. 
5 5' 
9 
2-0 
0-8 X 109 I 
Ice. 
55 
80 
0-9 
3-0 xlO® 
Aluminium .... 
paramagnetic 
77 
2-7 
8-7 xl09 
Tin. 
14 
7-3 
4-3 xl09 
Palladium. 
36 
11-4 
17-0 xlO'' 
Platinum. 
55 
27 
21-5 
24-0 xl09 
Potassium .... 
Iron'* (transformation 
55 
16 
0-86 
0-56 X 109 
- y at As point) . 
1 
— 
1 • 4 (calories per gramme) 
7-9 
o 
O 
X 
1— • 
o 
In the case of iron at the Ag point, the transformation is from one cubic crystalline 
form to another, and we should expect the change of Internal energy to be smaller 
than in the general case of actual crystallization from the liquid state. 
We can obtain a measure of intrinsic pressures in crystalline media in another way, 
which depends on extrapolation of the relation connecting the temperature of the 
freezing point with applied pressure. 
If 
Vi = volume of 1 gramme of liquid, 
= volume of 1 gramme of crystal, 
3- = temperature of fusion, 
p = pressure, in atmospheres, 
L = latent heat, 
we know that 
03" _ (vi — t^c) . S' _ W. S 
cp L L 
If the applied pressure be such that then W = 0, and if we can determine 
the pressure tt for which this condition exists, we have determined the intrinsic 
pressure due to the crystalline gronping, for if the latter were greater than, or less 
than, TT there would be a change of volume on crystallization. If Vi = Vc since, as 
0S 
the curve of fusion shows, both S and L are finite, — must be zero, i.e., we have to 
A. E. Oxley, ‘ Trans. Faraday Society,’ vol. XL, Part 2, February, 1916. 
