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THE WATTLED CRANE 
ANTHROPOIDES CARUNCULATA 
PLATE XII. 
The Wattled Heron, Lath. Gen. Syn. III. pt. i. p. 82, pi. LXXVII (1785). 
Ardea CARUNCULATA, Gm. Syst. Nat. I. p. 643 (1788) — Vieill. Gal. Ois. II. suppl. pi. 20 {1834). 
Grus CARUNCULATA, Vieill. Nouv. Diet. d’Hist. Nat. XIII, p. SS 9 (1817)— id. Enc. Meth. p. 1140, pi. 53, fig. 3 (1823) — Wagl. Syst. 
Av. Grus, sp. 4 (1827) — Less. Tr. d’Orn. p. 586 (1831) — Guerin, Iconogr. Regne An. pi. 51, fig. 3 — Gray, List. Gralla, Brit. 
Mus. p. 74 (1844) — id. & Mitch. Gen. B. III. p. 552, pi. 149 (1845) — Riipp. Syst. Uebers. p. 120 (1845) — Heugl. Syst. Uebers. 
p. 57 (1856) — Gurney, Ibis, 1864, p. 355 — Layard, B. S. Africa, p. 302 (1867) — Gurney, Ibis, 1868, p. 467 —• Gray, Handl. 
B. III. p. 24, no. 10087 (1871) — Finsch & Hartl. Vog. O.-Afr. p. 670 (1870) — Heugl. Orn. N. O.-Afr. II. pt. i. p. 1253 (1873) — 
Mont. Angola, II. p. 203 (1875) — Forbes, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 307 — Holub & Pelz. Beitr. Orn. S.-Afr. p. 247 (1882) — Shelley, 
Ibis, 1882, p. 363 — Forbes, P. Z. S. 1882, p. 352 —■ Hartert, Cat. Vogel. Senck. Mus. p. 209 (1891) — Reichenow, Vog. D. O. 
Afr. p. 46 (1894). 
Ardea PALEARIS, Forst. Descr. Anim. p. 47 (1844). 
Bugeranus CARUNCULATDS , Gloger, Handb. Naturg. p. 440 (1842) — Gurney in Andersson’s B. Damaral. p. 278 (1872) — Sharpe, Cat. 
B. Brit. Mus. XXIII, p. 267. 
Laomedontia CARUNCULATA, Reichenb. Handb. Spec. Orn. p. XXIII. (1850) — id. Handb. Fulic. taf. CXXVII, fig. 431 (1852) — Bp. 
Consp. 11 . p. 100 (1854) — Bocage, Orn. Angola, p. 436 (1881) — Butl. Feilden & Reid, Zool. 1882, p. 342 — Souza, Jorn. Lisb. 
XI, p. 80 (1886). 
Wattled Crane, Chapm. S. Afr. II. App. p. 417 (i868). 
Vernacular ‘names. The Wattled Crane (English); de Lelkraan (Dutch); la Grue caronculee (French), der Glocken- 
Kranich (German). 
Adult. General colour above ashy grey. Lower back, rump, upper tail-coverts, and tail black. Mantle blackish 
grey, sometimes more or less washed with brown, which colour, if present, extends over the upper back ’). Primaries 
black, greater wing-coverts pearly grey; secondaries greyish black, innermost ones black, grey at the base, enormously 
lengthened and pendent. Crown of head slaty grey. Whole of neck from the nape to the mantle, sides of face, throat 
and neck white, the feathers of the chest being elongated, disintegrated and loose. Base of bill naked, covered with a 
granulated skin, which extends as far as the nostrils, some of the granulations forming fleshy threads. On the lower 
mandible the granulated red skin extends as far as beneath the middle of the eye, and continues, but without granula¬ 
tions , to the fore part of the feathered lappet which hangs on each side of the throat ^). Bill brownish horn-colour. Iris 
orange yellow, legs greyish black. (From a living bird in the Zoological Garden of Amsterdam). There is no difference 
in the plumage of the sexes of this species and the description of the female in Layard and Sharpe’s ‘Birds of South 
Africa’ (p. 627) is doubtless to be referred to an immature bird. The only difference is that in the female the fleshy 
granulations at the base of the bill are rather less developed, and that the bird is a trifle smaller in size. Wing 26', tail 
10', tarsus 12', culmen 7 inches. (Bird in the Leiden Museum). 
Immature. Unknown. 
Chick. Unknown. 
i) I have a suspicion that this colour is due to discoloration of the feathers just before they are shed at the moult, as freshly moulted birds do not show it so 
far as I have seen. 
2) Lord Lilford observed these lappets are subject to extension. 
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