CYRTONYX MASSENA. 
Massena’s Partridge. 
Specific Character. 
Cyrt. pectore abdomineque medio castanets , lateribus corporis nigrescenti-griseis, maculis albis 
guttatis, plumarum clorsi rachiis longitudinaliter fulvo striatis. 
Male. —Head ornamented with a full crest inclining backwards, and forming a thick tuft at the 
occiput of a uniform huffy brown; feathers of the crown buff, transversely marked with 
black; sides of the head white, interrupted by a narrow stripe of black, which, commencing 
at the base of the bill, passes upward and curves over the eyes ; another stripe of black takes 
its rise from the same point, passes beneath the eye, and then descends abruptly down the 
side of the neck ; ear-coverts, centre of the throat and a crescent-shaped mark bounding 
the white below, black ; upper surface sandy brown, transversely barred with black, each 
feather with a narrow stripe of buff down the centre ; wing-coverts and tertiaries buffy 
brown, barred transversely with broad oblong spots of black; primaries dark brown, the 
outer webs crossed with markings of buff; centre of the chest and abdomen deep chestnut; 
flanks for their entire length sooty black, each feather ornamented with a double row of 
nearly round spots of white; vent, thighs and under tail-coverts black; upper mandible 
black; under mandible horn-colour; legs bluish flesh-colour. 
Female. —All the upper surface sandy brown, transversely barred with black, and a con¬ 
spicuous stripe of buff down the centre of each feather; throat dull white; an indica¬ 
tion of the black crescent-shaped mark on the lower part of the neck ; under surface 
vinaceous ; flanks in some specimens uniform, in others crossed by minute zigzag markings 
and freckles of black. 
Total length, 7i inches; bill, p; whig, 4y; tarsi, lp; middle toe and nail. If. 
Ortyx Massena, Less. Cent, cle Zool., p. 189-—lb. 111. de Zook, texte de pi. 52. 
- Montezumoe, Vig, in Zook Journ., vol. v. p. 275.—Jard. and Selb. Ilk Orn., vol. iii. 
pk 126.—Bonap. in Proc. of Zook Soc., Part V. p. 114.—Natt. MSS. 
Odontophorus Meleagris, Wagl. Isis, 1832, p. 277- 
Perdix perspicillcita, Licht. in Mus. Berlin. 
Several years have now elapsed since I became possessed of a collection of birds from Mexico, among 
which were specimens of what I conceive to be both sexes of this extraordinarily marked species, and I 
have since seen others in the Royal Museum of Berlin, and in that of the Prince Massena at Paris. The 
first-mentioned specimens now form part of the collection of the Zoological Society of London, in whose 
aviary in the Regent’s Park another individual was living for some time. 
No account whatever has yet reached us of the habits and economy of this species, which, judging from 
the comparative shortness of its toes and the great development of its claws, we may expect to be different 
from those of the other members of the family. 
The male is rendered exceedingly conspicuous by the singular disposition of the markings of the face, 
which are very strongly contrasted, and forcibly remind one of the painted face of the clown in a 
pantomime; the female on the other hand is very different in colour, and in the markings of the upper 
surface closely resembles the Common Quail of Europe. 
Habitat, Mexico. 
I am indebted to the kindness of Prince Massena for the loan of a fine specimen of this bird, from which 
my figure of the male was taken. 
The Plate represents a male and a female of the natural size. 
