BUFFALO 
187 
We could now examine our noble trophies at leisure 
—what superb pictures of brute-power and massive 
strength! Sullen deep-set eyes overhung by beetling 
bosses, rugged and ridged like primeval rock ; foreheads 
hairless, shaved clean by constant crashing through 
thorn-thicket and jungle; but bushy, almost walrus-like 
whiskers pendent from either lip, forming a sort of 
moustache; and there was a strong black bristly beard 
beneath the chin. But beyond these hirsute muzzles, a far 
more important character differentiates the buffalo of the 
White Nile from Bos caffer of East and Central Africa. 
The horns spread out laterally on a far more even plane, 
less decurved downwards, and the frontal bosses instead 
of being convex, are nearly flat across the basal palm. 
Following are the measurements of these two buffalo 
bulls, shot Nuer country, February 19th, 1914:— 
Extreme Span 
No. 
of Horns. 
Tip to Tip. 
Breadth of 
Boss. 
Length 
on Outside 
Height at 
Shoulder. 
j 
Curve. 
Outside. 
Inside. 
1 
37 
34 i 
3 2 i 
9 j 
26 
58^ inches 
2 
30 
26 
2 3 f 
22 \ 
Deadweight estimated at 1500 lb. apiece. 
The Sudan buffalo displays two constant but quite 
distinct types of horn, namely:—(i) That with broad 
lateral sweep but relatively narrow bosses; and (2) the 
shorter type wherein the bosses are always deep and 
sometimes of almost exaggerated depth. The two 
particular buffaloes just described, and whose horns are 
shown in the photograph annexed, happen typically to 
represent both forms, though both were shot from the 
same herd. I read that the Sudan buffalo is a small race, 
only standing 4 feet at shoulder. That is incorrect. In 
size they quite equal, on an average, their cousins in 
South or Central Africa, measuring at shoulder from 4% to 
