ROMAN POTTERY POUND IN BRITAIN. 
17 
In describing the grey to black ‘smother-kiln’ wares, such as 
those found near to Upchurch and akin to Romano-Belgic wares, 
the as yet unsolved problem of origin has been evaded by 
applying to them the term ‘ fumed ’ wares. 
Loeschcke’s classification, modified so far as necessary to adapt 
it to the York collection, becomes the following :— 
I. Roman Wares— 
1. Vessels with coloured coating. 
A. Italian crockery-ware. 
(a) Terra sigillata (Arrentine). 
B. Provincial crockery-ware. 
(b) Terra sigillata (Gaulish and German). 
(c) Slip-coated and varnished wares. 
2. Plain clay-bodied vessels. 
(a) White clay vessels of fine texture. 
(b) Plain clay-bodied vessels of coarse texture. 
II. Terra nigra and allied wares (Belgic, Upchurch and other 
fumed wares). 
III. British black-grey fumed ware containing calcite or 
quartz particles. 
The colour-coated vessels are mostly small, such as bowls, 
cups, goblets, beakers, unguent pots, &c. ; while those of plain 
clay are usually of larger size, ewers, pitchers, bottles, cooking- 
pots (ollae), basins, dishes, plates, and mortaria or pelves ; and 
store vessels, such as three handled pitchers, amphorae, dolia, &c. 
The coloured wares are sub-divisible according what may be 
termed their secondary ornamentation into— 
(1) Barbotined, 
(2) Mica-dusted, 
(3) Folded, fluted and indented, 
(4) Rough-cast and studded, 
(5) Roulette-notched (engine-turned or hatched), 
(6) Grooved or incised, 
(7) Scored with a fine point or combed, 
(8) Painted or parti-coloured, including New Forest ware 
and 4 face vases,’ 
(9) Vessels ornamented with frilled cordons, 
(10) Un-ornamented, 
