DAVID CERNA-PILGRIMAGE AND CIVILIZATION OF THE TOLTECS. 59 
their last homestead, and, after a twelve-day journey, they arrived at a 
place named Hueyralan , or better still Hueixallan (near the sandy place), 
where a stay of four years was decided upon. 
In the course of time, and a little farther on, they established them¬ 
selves in the beautiful plains of Xalisco. There, under an excellent cli¬ 
mate, and highly pleased with the exhuberant fertility of the surround¬ 
ing country, they lived and prospered for a period of eight years. A 
city was built, and as a result of their incessant labors, the land was 
yearly covered with numerous and abundant crops consisting especially 
of corn or maize, cotton, beans, and pepper. 
Again continuing their pilgrimage, the Toltecs arrived, in 567, at a 
place called Cliilmalhuacan where they settled for a period of five years. 
From Cliilmalhuacan (the word signifying “a place where reside the 
owners of the 4 chimalli’ ” or shields) the Toltecs proceeded, in 572, to 
Tochpan or Tuxpan ; thence respectively to Quialiuiztlan or Quiyahuiztlan, 
and Zacatlan. Other places were successively visited and occupied for 
short periods of time, such as Totzapan, Tepetla , Mazapec , Xiuhcoac, and 
Iztachuexolla. 
In 645 they arrived at Tollantzinco . The Toltecs were still under the 
guidance of the great Hueliuematzin and seven other Indian chiefs: 
Zacatl , Chalcatzin, Tzihuacuatl , Metzotzin , Checatzin, Tlapahnetzotzin , and 
Cxhuatzon . 
Tollantzinco was a beautiful and fertile country, situated about fifty 
miles north of the future capital of the Mexican Empire, that is, the 
present City of Mexico. The country offered the best advantages, and 
the Toltecs, ever eager to improve their condition, resolved to make of the 
new place their home. They did so for a period of sixteen years, dur¬ 
ing which peace, happiness, and prosperity crowned all their efforts. 
But the venerable Huehuematzin, who never abandoned the tribe that 
was to become the originator of a great civilization, with his continued 
counsel once more induced the wandering Indians to remove to another 
and better place, and finally in 661 the Toltecs arrived at Tollan or Tula, 
which was decided upon to be the termination of their long pilgrimage. 
Although the exact point from which the Toltecs originally started in 
their wanderings is shrouded in speculation if not mystery, there is no 
doubt that the itinerary followed by them in their southern journey, as 
referred to by the Indian historian, IXTLILXOCHITL, is exact in some 
respects, if not in all. While the situation of Tlapallam or Huehuetla- 
pallam, on the north, is doubtful, there remain Xalisco in the modern 
State of Xalisco, or Jalisco, as it is called at present, in Mexico. There 
is Tochpan or Tuxpan now in the State of Michoacan, and again in the 
State of Vera Cruz, where is also known to have existed Quiahuiztlan. 
In the State of Puebla there is the town of Zacatlan, while Iluexutla, 
