66 
TRANSACTIONS OF THE TEXAS ACADEMY OF SCIENCE. 
likewise under the name of Tlacomihua. Queen Xiuhtlatzin is sometimes 
also called Xiuhquentzin , and at others Xiuhcciltzin ; and, in fact, TOR- 
QUEMADA took her for a king. The name of Iztaccaltzin is often given 
to Tecpancaltzin, and, finally, Meconetzin is the allegorical term applied 
to Topiltzin. 
CHAVERO, therefore, considers as false the chronology of IXTLIL- 
XOCHITL, and places more reliance in the historical data furnished by 
the Anales de Ouauhtitlan (Annals of Cuauhtitlan). According to him 
these annals are authentic and of the highest importance. The original 
document was written in the Mexican language, between the years 1563 
and 1569, according to AUBIN, or in 1570 according to RAMIREZ, the 
Mexican historian. These Annals were translated into Spanish by 
FAUSTINO GALICIA CHIMALPOPOCA, and are at present known as 
the Codex Chimalpopoca . 
According to this history, the occupation of Tollan by the Toltecs took 
place in the year 674. Their first king was Mixcoamazatzin , who reigned 
from 700 to 765. The monarchs that followed were Huetzin and Tote- 
peuh , the government of the latter lasting up to 887. The fourth king, 
Ilhuitimaitl , occupied the throne till the year 925; and the fifth mon¬ 
arch, Topiltzin Quetzalcoatl , till 947. After this came the succession of 
the following kings: Sixth, Matlacxochitl, up to 982; seventh, Nauhyot- 
zin , to 997; eighth, Matlacoatzm , up to 1025; ninth, Tlicoatzin , to 1046; 
tenth, Huemac, to 1048; and eleventh, the second Quetzalcoatl , and last 
of the Toltec rulers, up to 1116, in which year the city of Tula was de¬ 
stroyed and an end put to the Toltec dynasty. 
The principal differences between the data furnished by the Annals of 
Cuauhtitlan and those given by IXTLILXOCHITL consist in that in the 
the latter the governmental periods were chiefly conventional, that is, each 
one placed at fifty-two years; in the former instance they are spoken of 
as occurring in a natural order. Again, IXTLILXOCHITL refers to 
nine kings only; the Annals give the names of eleven distinct monarchs. 
The names of the rulers, common to both sources of information, are 
only four: Huetzin, Totepeuh, Topiltzin, and Xochitl. The latter, 
however, with a different attributive radicle in the Annals (Matlacxo¬ 
chitl?) is here spoken of as king. 
Of the civilization of the Toltecs much can be said, but I will only 
mention for the present some of the most important points. 
Society. —Three classes of society predominated among the Toltecs: 
The Nobility , the Priesthood , and the Populace ; this latter included the 
artisans and hard-working people. 
The priests represented the intellectual portion of society. They com¬ 
prised the privileged class. They were the lawyers, the physicians, the 
scientists, the educational mentors, and, above all, the only holders of 
