26 
TRANSACTIONS OF THE TEXAS ACADEMY OF SCIENCE. 
bedded sands and clays underlaid by a bed of massive sandstone. In the 
upper member the sands predominate, the clays being in thin seams, some 
of which carry thin sheets of lignitic matter. Some little iron is present, 
and in places it so closely resembles the Orange Sand that it might easily 
be mistaken for it. This member is apparently unconformable on the 
one below it. The sandstone is massive and somewhat cross-bedded, its 
upper surface being very uneven. The grain is even, color light gray, 
and ft contains a gray clay or kaolin in balls, pockets, and thin sheets. 
The balls of clay are sometimes coated with ferruginous matter. No fos¬ 
sils were found in these beds, although diligent search was made through 
them for the greater part of a day. 
Frio Clays .—The Oakville beds rest directly upon the Frio clays, which 
are well shown in the river bank at Riverside as gray clay and sandy 
clay and red and blue clays weathering yellow or white, and closely re¬ 
sembling those observed on the Nueces River. 
Fault .—At Riverside there is a well marked fault running, north 65 
degrees east—south 65 degrees west by compass. The downthrow is on 
the north, and gives a strong dip to some of the beds. The throw is 
twenty to twenty-five feet, and along the fault the clays have been indu¬ 
rated and the sandstones altered to quartzite. 
Fayette Sands .—Along the line of the railroad there are no decided 
exposures of these beds, but they occur on the Trinity at the old town 
of Cincinnati. 
From Trinity north the geology has already been given by Kennedy 
in his paper in the Third Annual Report of the Geological Survey of 
Texas. 
CORRELATION WITH GALVESTON DEEP WELL SECTION. 
In plotting the results of this trip, I had the log of a deep well at the 
Huntsville Penitentiary, furnished me by Mr. C. H. Robinson of that in¬ 
stitution, numerous shallow wells at various localities, and the deep well 
at Galveston, as studied by Singley and Harris. From these I find that 
the various beds thicken toward the coast, being in one case nearly 
double the thickness in the Galveston deep well section that they are at 
the southern edge of their outcrop. 
The following table gives my present understanding of the relations of 
beds briefly mentioned above and those of the Galveston deep well: 
Bed. Area of Outcrop. Galveston Deep Well. 
Pleistocene.Galveston to Houston. 0 to 468 ft. 
Reynosa—Orange Sand .Houston to Willis. 468 to 914 ft. 
Laparo-Lagarto .Willis to Huntsville. 914 to 2,138 ft. 
Oakville.Huntsville to Riverside ... 2,138 to 2,920 ft. 
