E. T. DUMBLE-THE SOILS OF TEXAS. 
47 
The lowest or Bend division forms a very rich and black soil, almost 
waxy in its character, as developed in the valley of the San Saba and on 
Richland creek. Where it forms the subsoil of the residual soil of the 
overlying Strawn standstones it adds greatly to their usefulness. 
The soils of the Milsap division are principally clays and cla}^ loams. 
The residual soils of the Strawn division comprise sandy soils, which 
are of little value when not underlaid by or mixed with clajq and all 
gradations of loams to a stiff clay soil. The greater part of them are 
fertile and well adapted for tillage. The colors both of the sand and 
clay soils are often dark or even black. 
In the Canyon division, owing to the fact that more sand and less clay 
is present, the loams are lighter. The soils from the Cedarton clays of this 
division are quite rich, and where the soils are sandy, subsoiling will 
usually make them stronger. 
The clays of the Cisco division yield dark heavy loams and form large 
areas of fine farming lands. The percentage of phosphoric acid is good, 
while the potash is very large—much above the average. The upper 
portion of this belt containing more limestone, gives dark brown to black 
marl soils. 
Analysis No. 37 shows the composition of the red loams of the Canyon 
division as developed in Jack county, while No. 38 represents the lighter 
soil of this division, and No. 39 that of the Cisco. 
37* 
38t 
39+ 
Insoluble matter. 
74.495 
8.651 
.425 
.163 
.125 
.882 
.150 
5.050 
5.076 
.095 
.047 
4.805 
95.98 
.16 
l 79 
f ' 72 
.19 
90.03 
.41 
j- 1.80 
.59 
.82 
Soluble silica. 
Potash . 
Soda.. 
Lime . 
Magnesia . 
Manganese. 
Iron. 
.33 
.27 
.13 
1.16 
1.76 
1.34 
2.04 
.15 
Alumina . 
Phosphoric acid. 
Sulphuric acid.. 
Water and organic. 
3.16 
100.354 
100.70 
100.34 
* Cotton Production, Tenth Census, p. 37. 
t Records Geol. Sur. Tex. P. S. Tilson, analyst. 
Permian. —In the southern portion of this belt the lower beds of the 
Permian are claye}^ limestones and the resultant soils are dark brown to 
stiff clayey marls, very fertile and well adapted to the growth of grain. 
These are well shown in the western part of Coleman county. Where the 
clays predominate they yield stiff brown or chocolate colored loams. 
