Order PASSERIFORMES. 
No. 608. 
Family SPHENOSTOMID/E. 
SPHENOSTOMA CRISTATUM. 
WEDGE-BILL. 
(Plate 495.) 
Sphenostoma cristatum Gould, Synops. Birds Austr., pt. iv., pi. (63), April 1st, 1838 : 
New South Wales. 
Sphenostoma cristatum Gould, Synops. Birds Austr., pt. iv., pi. (63), April 1st, 1838; id., 
Proc. Zool. Soc. (Lond.), 1837, p. 150, Dec. 1838; id., Birds Austr., pt. in. (Vol. 
III., pi .17), June 1st, 1841 ; id., Handb. Birds Austr., Vol. I., p. 316, 1865 ; Diggles, 
Ornith. Austr., pt. xx., 1868; Ramsay, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W., Vol. II., p. 184,' 
1878 ; Gadow, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., Vol. VIII., p. 74, 1883 ; Ramsay, Tab. List 
Austr. Birds, p. 5, 1888; Hall, Key Birds Austr., p. 31, 1899; Campbell, Nests 
and Eggs Austr. Birds, Vol. I., p. 269, 1901 ; Carter, Emu, Vol. III., p. 90, 1903 
(N.W.A.); North, Austr. Mus. Spec. Cat. No. 1, Vol. I., p. 341, 1904; Milligan, 
Emu, Vol. IV., p. 154, 1905 (W.A.); Mathews, Handl. Birds Austral., p. 87, 1908; 
Gibson, Emu, Vol. IX., p. 74, 1909 (W.A.) ; Whitlock, ib., p. 208, 1910 (W.A); 
Macgillivray, ib., Vol. X., p. 29, 1910 (N.S.W.); Campbell, ib., Vol. XIII., p. 69, 
pi. xm., f. 13 (egg), 1913 ; Whitlock, ib., Vol. XX., p. 186, 1921 (W.A.); id., ib., 
Vol. XXI., p. 179, 1922 (W.A.); McGilp, ib., Vol. XXII., p. 285, 1923. 
Sphenosloma cristatum cristatum Mathews, Nov. Zool., Vol. XVIII., p. 378, 1912 ; id., 
List Birds Austr., p. 247, 1913. 
Sphenostoma cristatum pallidum Mathews, Nov. Zool., Vol. XVIII., p. 378, Jan. 31st, 1912 : 
Leigh’s Creek, South Australia ; id., Austral Av. Rec., Vol. I., p. 61, 1912 ; id., 
List Birds Austr., p. 247, 1913 ; S. A. White, Emu, Vol. XIV., p. 190, 1915 (Central); 
id., Trans. Roy. Soc. S.A., Vol. XXXIX., p. 756, 1915; id., ib., Vol. XLI., p. 462, 
1917. 
Sphenostoma cristatum occidentals Mathews, Nov. Zool., Vol. XVIII., p. 378, Jan. 31st, 
1912: Day Dawn, (Mid-)West Australia; id., List Birds Austr., p. 247, 1913; 
Carter, Ibis, 1917, p. 608 ; id., ib., 1921, p. 66. 
Sphenostoma cristatum tanami Mathews, Nov. Zool., Vol. XVIII., p. 379, Jan. 31st, 1912 : 
Tanami, Northern Territory ; id., List Birds Austr., p. 247, 1913. 
Distribution. Interior of Australia, exact distributional limits undetermined. 
Adult male. General colour of the upper-surface dark ochreous-brown including the nape, 
sides of face, hind-neck, sides of neck, back, rump, upper tail-coverts, and upper 
wing-coverts; head crested ; fore-part of head somewhat paler than the back 
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