THE BIRDS OF AUSTRALIA. 
the primaries, which indicates a wing-speculum ; tail blackish with white tips to 
the feathers ; sides of face, chin, and throat whitish dotted with pale brown; breast 
and abdomen whitish with dark shaft-streaks ; sides of body similar but somewhat 
darker ; thighs coffee-brown ; under tail-coverts white subapically marked with 
black; axillaries drab-grey ; under wing-coverts black, becoming white on the 
greater series ; under-surface of flight-quills dark hair-brown with a patch of white 
towards the base ; lower aspect of tail similar to its upper-surface but rather paler. 
Eyes and feet yellow, bill yellow with black tip. Total length 105 mm.; culnien 
13, wing 77, tail 33, tarsus 15. Figured. Collected at Cape York, North 
Queensland, on the 16th of December, 1912. 
Adult female. Crown of head, sides of face, sides of neck, hind-neck, fore-head, lores, 
chin, throat, and upper-breast uniform black ; back and scapulars smoke-grey 
with wide blackish shaft-lines ; upper tail-coverts white with dark narrow shaft- 
streaks to some of the feathers ; upper wing-coverts soot-black; flight-quills dark 
browm with a band of white across the inner webs, which extends to the outer webs 
of some of the outer primaries ; tail black with narrow white tips to the feathers; 
lower breast, sides of breast, abdomen, and flanks whitish with blackish shaft-lines; 
under tail-coverts wliite subapically marked with black; axillaries drab-grey; 
under wing-coverts black becoming white on the greater series; under-surface of 
flight-quills dark hair-brown with a patch of white ; lower aspect of tail somewhat 
paler than its upper-surface, otherwise similar. Eyelids, eyes and feet yellow, 
bill yellow with black tip. Total length 103 mm. ; culmen 10, wing 75, tail 33, 
tarsus 15. Figured. Collected at Cape York on the 10th of December, 1912. 
The female differs in having the entire head black. 
Immature male. Crown of head blackish with whitish tips to the feathers ; lores and sides 
of face also blackish but almost uniform ; back and scapulars dark soot-brown, 
the tips of the feathers greyish-white ; upper wing-coverts also soot-brown, but 
darker than the back, with pale tips to the median and greater series ; bastard-wing, 
primary-coverts, and flight-quills blackish, with wiiite bases and pale tips to the 
last; outer edge of wing dull white ; upper and under tail-coverts grey with 
blackish shaft-lines to the feathers ; tail blackish tipped with white; throat and 
under-surface of body pale grey with dark brown shaft-lines to the feathers, marginal 
under wing-coverts dark browm ; base of flight-quills below white, the terminal 
portion dark brown; lower aspect of tail similar to its upper-surface. Eyes 
browm, feet pale (straw) yellow r . Collected on the Barron River, near Cairns, North 
Queensland, on the 6th of May, 1912. 
Immature male. Crowm of head, sides of face, hind-neck, sides of neck, back and scapulars 
dusky-brown with greyish-white tips to the feathers ; rump and upper tail-coverts 
cream-white ; upper wing-coverts blackish with buffy-wirite tips ; outer edge of 
wing whitish ; primary-coverts uniform blackish ; flight-quills also blackish with 
a broad white patch across the middle portion, chiefly on the inner-webs, and whitish 
tips to the feathers ; tail-feathers black tipped with white; throat and fore-neck 
cream-white ; breast, abdomen, sides of body, and under tail-coverts fawn-grey; 
thighs dusky-brown ; under wing-coverts and under-surface of flight-quills blackish- 
brown with a patch of white on the latter; lower aspect of tail blackish tipped 
with white. Eyes browm, feet yellow, upper mandible black, lower light brown. 
Collected on the Barron River, near Cairns, North Queensland, on the 8th of July, 
1911. 
Immature. Crown of head, hind-neck, sides of neck, back and scapulars dusky-brown with 
whitish tips to the feathers ; upper wing-coverts blackish with pale tips to the lesser, 
median, and greater series ; primary-coverts almost uniform black with a very small 
pale speck at the tips ; flight-quills also black with pale margins at the tips, and 
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