THE BIRDS OF AUSTRALIA. 
Adult female. Top of head black streaked with white on the hinder-crown and nape; 
sides of face blackish minutely lined with white; lores and nasal bristles black; 
supraloral streak yellow, becoming white above the eye and on the sides of the 
crown ; sides of neck, hind-neck, back, and scapulars greyish-olive, fringed with 
ochreous on the last; rump and upper tail-coverts ochreous ; upper wing-coverts 
black, tipped with ochreous on the lesser and median series and with bright red 
on the primary-coverts ; flight-quills blackish with wiiite tips and white fringes 
to some of the feathers and chestnut-brown margins to some of the secondaries, 
inner-webs of flight-quills paler than the outer ones and margined with white; 
tail-feathers black tipped with white ; chin and throat yellow, middle of breast 
and middle of abdomen silky-white ; sides of breast, sides of body, thighs, and under 
tail-coverts pale buff like the axillaries ; under wing-coverts and margins of flight- 
quill below wiiite, remainder of quill-lining pale brown ; lower aspect of tail similar 
to its upper-surface hut rather paler. Total length 106 mm. ; culmen 6, wing 65, 
tail 32, tarsus 20. Figured. Collected on the Nepean River, New South Wales, 
in May, 18S5. (Right-hand top figure.) 
Adult. Fore-part of head and feathers in front of eye uniform black; nape and hinder- 
face black narrowly streaked with white ; loral-streak yellow; a short streak of 
white on the sides of the crown ; sides of neck, hind-neck, back, and scapulars 
dark lead-grey tinged with ochreous on the last; rump and upper tail-coverts 
ochreous-brown ; lesser and median upper wing-coverts black tipped with oehreous- 
brown, the greater series uniform black ; bastard-wing black, narrowly margined 
with w iiite ; primary-coverts also black tipped with pale yellow; flight-quills 
blackish margined and tipped with wiiite, some of the secondaries partially edged 
with chestnut-brown ; tail blackish tipped with white, more broadly on the outer 
feathers ; chin, throat, and fore-neck yellow ; sides of throat, middle of breast, 
and abdomen dull wiiite ; sides of breast and flanks drab-grey tinged with yellow; 
thighs dusky ; vent and under tail-coverts buffj^-white ; axillaries greyish-white; 
under wing-coverts and base of quill-lining white, remainder of quills below glossy 
brown with pale margins ; lower aspect of tail similar to the upper-surface but paler, 
Total length 100 mm. ; culmen 7, wing 67, tail 35, tarsus 20. Figured. Collected 
at Blackwood, South Australia. And is the type of P. s. subaffinis. 
Immature male. Crow r n of head olive-brown, some of the feathers black with white shaft¬ 
lines ; hind-neck, sides of neck, back and scapulars olive-brown, becoming pale 
sepia-brown on the tips of the long scapulars, rump, and upper tail-coverts ; wings 
blackish with white margins and pale tips to many of the feathers, some of the 
secondary-quills fringed with dark chestnut on the outer webs; primary-coverts 
tipped with red, lesser coverts similar to the back, inner-webs of flight-quills margined 
with whitish ; tail-feathers blackish, more or less marked with w r hite at the tips; 
lores and a line above the eye yellow —extending along the sides of the crown, 
where it becomes almost white ; ear-coverts similar to the back; throat, lower 
cheeks, and breast lemon-yellow, middle of abdomen cream-white; sides of body 
and thighs ochreous ; under tail-coverts pale fawn-colour ; under wing-coverts 
cream-white dotted with pale brown ; under-surface of flight-quills hair-brown 
with whitish edges ; lower aspect of tail similar to its upper surface but paler. 
Bill greenish-black, eyes dirty green, feet and legs neutral tint. Collected at 
Bayswater, Victoria, on the 27th of March, 1909. 
Immature male. Top of head, sides of neck, hind-neck, back, scapulars, and lesser upper 
wing-coverts olive-brown, slightly darker on the nape where there is one white 
feather with wide black margins; bastard-wing, greater-coverts, primary-coverts, 
and flight-quills blackish with pale margins and tips to many of the feathers and 
the primary-coverts tipped with red ; tail-feathers blackish more or less marked 
with white at the tips ; lores and a line above the eye whitish ; sides of face, throat, 
