allocations on model outputs has been modified by reinstatement of AWT 
requirements). Critics of the model’s applications to waste load 
allocations support the scientific value of models and have called for a 
more comprehensive, ecosystem model of Tampa Bay, but challenge the 
concept of setting specific discharge limits using existing models which 
do not more completely address living resources, such as seagrasses. A 
new bay management program undertaken by the Southwest Florida Water 
Management District (see Perry’s paper in this report) may be able to 
enhance existing models and begin development of an ecosystem model. 
Either model could be used to incorporate ecological processes 
affecting water quality. Industrial inputs could be evaluated in terms 
of their cumulative impact, which if done for power generating stations 
alone would advance our ability to site new facilities or expand existing 
ones. The inputs of rivers must also be modelled with better accuracy. 
Ongoing basin-river-estuary studies in the Little Manatee River will be 
especially useful in this regard. Such inclusive models will be 
difficult to develop but are necessary to answer the fundamental bay 
management issues of what to improve, to what extent, and when, in order 
to gain how much benefit? 
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