suggest that they are less tolerant to salinity variation as they approach adult size. 
Two other penaeid shrimp species were found in small numbers. Penaeus aztecus was 
taken in samples of P. duorarum. Trachypeneus constrictus was usually found in marine 
salinity areas of Florida Bay, and occasionally, in the tidal portion of the Shark River 
estuary. 
1957 - 1970 
Tabb, D. C., and M. A. Roessler (1989) History of studies on juvenile fishes of coastal 
waters of Everglades National Park. Bull. Mar. Sci.. 44(1):23-34. . 
Knowledge of the species composition and general distribution of fishes in Everglades 
National Park coastal waters has a brief history beginning about 1957. Ten years later 
the list of fishes known to occur there, at least occasionally, had been lengthened to 
167 species. Many of these occur in Park waters only as juvenile stages; they 
apparently move off-shore to mature, spawn, and then re-enter the Park as waves of 
larvae, post-larvae, or early juvenile stages. It was not until the late 1960's and early 
1970's that life histories and environmental ’preferences" came under investigation. 
These early studies, most of which were conducted in relatively low-salinity water, 
concluded that season of the year and presence or absence of bottom vegetation were 
the chief determinants of juvenile fish occurrence and spatial distribution, and other 
factors, such as salinity and temperature, had no statistically detectable influence on 
occurrence or abundance. However, studies of Florida Bay fish distribution and 
abundance during the extended drought of the early and mid-1960's did suggest that 
salinities between 45 and 70 %o were at least partly responsible for declines in both 
abundance and diversity, excluding both adult and juvenile stages. 
1957 - 1974 
Spackman, W., A. D. Cohen, P. H. Given, and D. J. Casagrande (1974) The comparative 
study of the Okeefenokee Swamp and the Everglades-mangrove swamp marsh complex of 
southern Florida: Field trip guidebook. Geol. Soc. Amer. Conv. Field Trip No. 6. 265 pp. + 3 
App. 
[DATE OF SAMPLING UNKNOWN OR NOT APPLICABLE.] This citation is a field guide to 
the geology of South Florida Bay and one of the sections discusses the sediments of 
Florida Bay. Subjects discussed include water circulation, molluscan fauna, isotope 
record of circulation gradients and texture and composition of sediments. 
1957 - 1989 
Robblee, M. B., J. T. Tilmant, and J. Emerson (1989) Quantitative observations on salinity. 
Symp. on Florida Bay: A Subtropical Lagoon. Miami, FL. June, 1987. Bull. Mar. Sci. . 
44( 1 ):523. . 
[ABSTRACT ONLY.] Quantitative observations on salinity within Florida Bay date from 
1936. However, multiple spatially distributed observations within a given year were 
not available until 1957. With this paper, observation records from 29 published and 
unpublished studies have been compiled and analyzed to characterize typical salinity 
conditions and determine long-term temporal and spatial changes that may occur within 
this estuary. A total of 6,231 records were available for this analysis. During all but 
unusually high rainfall years, evaporation exceeds upland runoff into Florida Bay and 
hypersaline conditions (>35 %o) prevail throughout most of the main body of the Bay. 
Annual monthly average salinity observations exceeded 35 °/oo within one or more 
areas of the Bay 12 out of the 17 yrs for which data was available since 1956. One or 
more areas of the Bay have exceeded 35 %o during at least one month every year for 
which sufficient spatial and temporal data were available. The highest salinity 
conditions consistently occurred within the central basins lying between the Whipray - 
Buttonwood Keys on the west and Captains, Russell and Black Betsy Keys to the east. 
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