predominantly of carbonate material finer than sand. The coarse fractions of the 
sediments consist largely of mollusk shell fragments. Some of the keys have, in 
addition to this type of sediment, layers of peat, and in one instance shell sand, which 
cannot be correlated between keys. Aragonite constitutes 55-80% of the carbonate; 
the remainder is composed of two types of magnesium calcite—high and low magnesium 
varieties averaging from 11 to 16% and <5% magnesium carbonate respectively. The 
organic content and the ratios of aragonite to calcite and high to low magnesium calcite 
are more uniform throughout the shoals than in the keys, reflecting a more uniform 
depositional history of the shoals. At the bottom of the cores organic content tends to 
increase, and the percentages of high magnesium calcite and of aragonite tend to 
decrease. The depositional conditions within the shoals appear to be fairly constant, but 
the patterns of key development vary widely and are unique within themselves. 
1963 0 
Gorsline, D. S. (1963) Environments of carbonate deposition Florida Bay and the Florida 
Straits. Shelf Carbonates of the Paradox Basin; a symp.; Fourth Field Conf. R. O. Bass (ed). 
June 12 - 16, 1963. Four Corners Geological Society, Durango, CO. 130-43. 
[DATE OF SAMPLING UNKNOWN OR NOT APPLICABLE.) Clastic carbonates are a common 
sedimentary type on the outer parts of broad continental shelves and on insular 
shelves. Pelagic carbonates are of large areal extent in the oceanic basins. However, 
regions of shallow water in situ calcareous deposition are limited to tropical coral 
islands, the southern Florida Peninsula, the Bahama Islands, the Yucatan Shelf and the 
Central Barrier Reef of Australia. The accessibility of the Florida deposits has 
stimulated research on the chemistry, mineralogy, sedimentology and biological 
aspects of these unique sediments. Recent studies of water characteristics and motion 
has provided an additional insight into the provenance of these materials, their 
distribution and the mechanisms that produce them. The question of the direct 
precipitation of carbonate is still controversial but much of the field evidence would 
seem to be better interpreted by biological origins. The Florida Straits is an area of 
strong water flow and relatively great depth. The present carbonate deposits in this 
channel are apparently derived from pelagic sources and from the transport of 
surrounding shelf deposits by strong currents. The similarity between the relatively 
deep deposits of the Straits and those of Florida Bay is striking. Both would be lithified 
into essentially identical formations and yet they represent a considerable contrast in 
depositional environments. 
1 963 
Idyll, C. P., E. S. Iversen, and B. J. Yokel (1965) Abundance of pink shrimp on the 
Everglades National Park nursery grounds. Circ. No. 230. US. Fish and Wildlife Service, 
Washington, DC. 28-29. 
The major objective of this work was to measure the relative abundance of juvenile 
shrimp leaving a nursery area and to describe the environmental factors which control 
their numbers, size composition and other biological characteristics. A large channel 
net blocking the entire width of the Buttonwood Canal was used to catch all animals 
above a certain size range moving on the ebb tide from adjacent estuarine areas. Only 
samples taken within three days of a new or full moon were used in the calculations. 
Although juvenile shrimp move out of the estuary in abundance in all months of the 
year, during 1963, peaks in abundance occurred during January, April and September. 
1963 
Sastrakusumah, S. (1971) A study of the food of juvenile migrating pink shrimp, Penaeus 
duorarum Burkenroad. M. S. Thesis, University of Miami, Miami, FL. 37 pp. 
[NO COPY OF PAPER AVAILABLE. ABSTRACT FROM SCHMIDT (1991).] [Also published 
as Sea Grant Tech. Bull. No. 9, University of Miami Sea Grant Prog., Miami, FL, 1-37. 
164 
