to the habitats now present on the islands. Habitats were characterized from field work 
and aerial photographs taken prior to Hurricane Betsy (1965). 
1964 - 1968 
Hudson, J. H., D. M. Allen, and T. J. Costello (1970) The flora and fauna of a basin in 
central Florida Bay. Contribution 263. Spec. Scientific Rep. 604. US Fish and Wildlife 
Service, Washington, DC. 14 pp. 
One hundred ninety-six species of plants and animals were reported from Porpoise 
Lake, a nursery area for pink shrimp Penaeus duorarum duorarum in central Florida 
Bay. Many of the organisms were benthic and associated with shallow beds of turtle 
grass, Thalassia testudinum. Although abrupt habitat variations may affect species 
distribution, the general distribution of organisms in the basin and Bay defined 
environments influenced by different water masses. Sampling took place monthly from 
April 1964 to January 1968. 
1964 - 1973 
Davis, G. E., and M. C. Whiting (1977) Loggerhead sea turtle nesting in Everglades National 
Park, Florida, USA. Herptoloaica . 33:18-28. 
A decade, 1964 - 1973, of investigation of sea turtle nesting in Everglades National 
Park is reviewed. Virtually all nesting was by loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta. 
Nesting activity increased from 455 nests to 915 nests per nesting season from 1964 
- 1965 to 1973 - 1973. There was roughly twice as much nesting activity in even 
numbered years as in the following off number years. Individual turtles seemed to nest 
on a 2-yr cycle, with four or more nests per year. Nesting interval within a season, 
May through August, was 12 days. Mean clutch size was 100 eggs/nest. This declined 
steadily through the season from 100 to 79 eggs. Annual predation by raccoons, 
Procyon lotor marinus, on Caretta eggs ranged from 49 to 87%. The loggerhead sea 
turtle nesting beaches are in Cape Sable. 
1 965 
Costello, T. J., and D. M. Allen (1966) Florida Bay ecology project. Circ. No. 246. Bureau 
of Commercial Fisheries, US Fish and Wildlife Service, Galveston, TX. 15-8. 
This citation described activities completed in the study of pink shrimp in Florida Bay 
during 1965. 
1 965 
Holden, M. W. (1965) Further notes on sea turtle nesting on Cape Sable. Open File Rep. 
N1415. South Florida Research Center, Everglades National Park, Homestead, FL. 8 pp. 
[NO COPY OF PAPER AVAILABLE. ABSTRACT FROM SCHMIDT (1991);] This paper 
describes a follow-up study on sea turtle nesting on Cape Sable beaches during the 
summer of 1965. On-ground and aircraft observations indicated the continued success 
of nesting (246 observed crawls), however as many as 80% of the nests were thought 
to have been destroyed by racoons. Artificial nest boxes, used to prevent the racoons 
from getting at the eggs, resulted in a hatching success of 44%. Recommendations are 
given to increase the hatching rate, if the artificial nest continues the following year 
and on racoon removal methodology. 
1965 0 
Idyll, C. P. (1965) Shrimp need freshwater too. Nat. Parks Mag. . Oct.:14-5. 
[DATE OF SAMPLING UNKNOWN OR NOT APPLICABLE.] This citation discusses the 
diminishing supply of water in the Everglades and its effect on shrimp fisheries. 
177 
