• Species removal and restoration, Great Smoky Mountains National Park, National 
Park Service, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Tennessee Wildlife Resources 
Agency, North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission, Tennessee Department of 
Wildlife and Conservation, Trout Unlimited National, Federation of Fly Fishermen, 
and others. Rainbow trout populations in select stream segments above natural barriers 
are being removed with the fish toxicant antimycin or using backpack electrofishing. 
Monitoring continues for 1-2 years and then, if rainbow trout have not returned, brook 
trout (native) are reintroduced. 
• Eradication, Big South Fork National Recreation Area. Riparian invasive plants are 
treated chemically. 
• Eradication Program, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). The ORNL 
manages non-native invasive plants in the riparian zones of streams within the Oak Ridge 
Reservation. Control methods include applying various herbicides, cutting, and mowing. 
Target species include privet, autumn olive, kudzu, lespedeza, princess tree, mimosa, and 
tree of heaven. ORNL also monitors fish and aquatic invertebrates in the streams, 
recording abundance and distribution of native and non-native species. The National 
Park Service and The Nature Conservancy conducted a complete vascular plant inventory 
at the park, which formed the basis of which species should be targeted for removal. The 
Tennessee Exotic Pest Plant Management Manual was also consulted. 
A.43.3. CLIMATE CHANGE CONCERNS 
(None reported.) 
A.43.4. CLIMATE CHANGE ACTIONS 
(None reported.) 
A.43.5. RESEARCH ACTIVITIES AND INFORMATION USED 
• An investigation is being conducted on the effects that the western mosquito fish is 
having on efforts to reintroduce the barrens top minnow in Western Tennessee. 
Researchers want to determine the relationship between the two species and what they 
can do to alleviate some of the problems. 
A.43.6. RESEARCH NEEDS 
• Research on the ozone effects on Barrens top minnow is needed. 
• Research how the hemlock wooly adelgid affects native hemlock and fish populations 
should be continued. 
• The state should assist the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in its effort to re¬ 
register antimycin. 
A-108 
