A.50.6. RESEARCH NEEDS 
• Research is needed on hybrid watermilfoil. WDNR has discovered a hybrid of EWM (a 
cross between Eurasian and northern milfoil) and associated implications regarding 
control methods. The effects of chemicals on the hybrid are not fully understood. 
Research on the physical identification of the hybrid strains would also be useful. 
Because hybrids closely resemble EWM, currently the only way to identify is through 
genotyping, which is very expensive. Research on the origin of the hybrid would also 
assist in understanding how it is generated. 
• Research is needed on infestation. Determining how to predict which waters would be 
most vulnerable to infestations by AIS would help focus monitoring efforts. For 
instance, low calcium and Ph levels can hinder establishment and reproduction of zebra 
mussels. 
• Research is needed on successful rapid response methods (i.e., trapping out crayfish to 
allow native species to rebound, control of rainbow smelt by dumping in more walleyes, 
and introducing bass to control crayfish). 
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