FROM YOKOHAMA TO VALPARAISO. 
168 
mouth, over which the latter precipitates itself, has been exposed, probably by the shock of 
an earthquake, which rent the ground asunder and created the chasm through which, “with 
ceaseless turmoil seething,” the stream now hurries down to the sea. A few hundred yards 
below the falls, the natives, old and young, were 
disporting themselves in the swift-flowing current. Some 
miles further inland the river forms another waterfall, 
said to possess features even more imposing than 
Waianuenue. One day I made an attempt to reach it, 
but, after wading through the water which, often knee- 
deep, flowed through a forest, I had to relinquish the 
hope of adding the scene to my sketch-book; though 
at the moment, when forced to turn back, the roar 
of the cascade could be heard in the distance. One of 
my colleagues, accompanied by a guide, had gone to 
another part of the forest in quest of some rare birds. 
While awaiting his return in a hut on the hillside 
overlooking the bay, one of the fair inmates consented 
to sit for her portrait, to which she appended her 
signature. I preserved the sketch as a remembrance 
of the friendly and hospitable natives of Hawaii. 
A large proportion of the generation at present living in these islands have received 
a fair education in schools established by the missionaries. A sum of from 20,000 to 
30,000 dollars is granted annually by the Government for the support of these schools. 
Unfortunately this fine race seems to be doomed to extinction. The population, which in 
1832, at the time of the first official census, amounted to about 130,000, had fallen in 1866 
to 60,000, not including residents of foreign origin, whose number has steadily increased from 
a few score to over 4000. 
From the shores of the Bay of Hilo the land ascends in one continuous slope to 
the summit of Mauna Kea. The region nearest to the sea is covered here and there with 
bright green spaces denoting sugar plantations. Next comes a belt of forest many miles 
deep, and above the latter rise the bare flanks of the volcano, coloured grey and red, with 
a few small patches of snow. The crest of this great mountain shows the profile of numerous 
cones, each of which represents a volcano of considerable size. About thirty miles to the 
south-westward of Hilo is the famous crater of Kilauea, one of the most active volcanoes of 
our epoch. It is situated upon the eastern flank of Mauna Loa, about half-way between the 
summit of the latter and the sea, and may be considered as an offshoot of Mauna Loa, the 
son being little if at all inferior to the father in his power of devastating the fair land beneath. 
The crater of kilauea, as often stated in published descriptions, forms a large volcanic lake, 
or rather cauldron, oval-shaped, about five miles in circumference, surrounded by lava-cliffs 
in some places several hundred feet high, and in a more or less continuous state of ebullition. 
1 
WOMAN OF HAWAII. 
