The Hiftory of ANIMALS, 
only names for it, under the different circumflances of growth and other particulars^ 
the fpecies ffili the fame. 
Clupea maxilla fuperiore longiore. 
'The Clupea , with the upper jaw longejll 
This, in many refpeds, fo much refembles the common fprat, that it is not a won¬ 
der that fifh is often pickled and fold under it’s name, among people not much ac¬ 
quainted with fach things: the head is fmall and comprefTed, broad at the hinder part, 
and pointed at the extremity ; the upper jaw is longefi, in which it is different from all 
the other Clupeas: the opening of the mouth is very large, and the teeth numerous and 
minute : the back is convex; the body is thin, and tolerably broad, in proportion to 
ids length ; the tail is forked j the fins are of a dufky brownifh-white; the back of 
a mixed bluifh and brown, and the fades and belly are white j the vertebrae are forty- 
five or forty-fix. 
It is frequent in many of the European Seas, and is imported in great quantities in 
pickle among us. It has been known at all times to the writers on thefe fubjeds. 
Ariftotle and Athenasus call it ’Evypau'x®*, and 'EvypxvXiusy iElian, , Em^mox^ } and A£li- 
an, A &io<rTop(&. From thefe the Latins have called it Engraulus, Engraulis, Encra- 
ficholus, and Lycoflomus $ fome have called it Halecula, a name given by others to 
the fprat. 
ARGENTINA. 
f Jr* ■ ' . . . . . 
H E body of the Argentina is oblong, and of a rounded, not flatted, figure, and 
1 there are teeth in the palate, and on the tongue. 
Of this genus there is but one known fpecies. 
Argentina. 
The Argentina is a fmall fifh ; it’s head is oblong, and the rofirum long and fmall - 
the opening of the mouth is moderately large, and there are fix or eight fharp teeth on 
the tip of the tongue, and in the palate: the body is of a rounded figure, and is ob¬ 
long and flender; the whole is of an elegant, filvery colour, except the back, which 
is of a dufky brown, with a tinge of bluifh and of olive colour : the eyes are large, 
and their iris of a filvery colour : there is a fin on the middle of the back, confiding 
of ten rays: the pedoral fins have fourteen rays, the ventral ones eleven; thefe are 
placed over-againft the back fin : the pinna ani has nine rays; the tail is forked ; the 
anus is placed very near the tail j the ftomach is black, and the air-bladder is conic at 
each end, and is of a beautiful, bright, filvery white. 
It is caught in great abundance in the Mediterranean, and is brought to market at 
Rome. Rondeletius and Gefner call it Sphyraena parva, and Spbyrasnas fecunda fpecies | 
Wiltughby, Pifcicuius Roms Argentina didus$ the French call it Hautin, 
' '. ' . : ~ \V ‘ 
EXOC^TUS. 
r |T A H E pedoral fins of the Exocaetus are very long; there is but one fin on the 
JL hack, which is fituated very backward : the fcales are very large 5 the branch!- 
oftege membrane on each fide contains ten ofiicles j three of thefe are broad, and hid 
by the coverings of the gills } they are not eafily numbered with exadnefs. 
Of this genus alfo there is but one known fpecies. 
Exocastus. 
The head is very fiat on the upper part, but is fomewhat comprefTed toward the hin¬ 
der extremity • the anterior part, however, is more deprefled, and the whole is not 
large, not equalling the middle of the body in diameter: the body is oblong, approach¬ 
ing to a rounded figure, but fomewhat comprefTed : the back is broad, and all the way 
fiat; the belly alfo is flat in the anterior part, but toward the tail it is convex : the anus 
is placed very near the tail; the extremity of the roftrum is fomewhat acute, and the 
opening 
