221 
The Hijlory cj ANIMALS 
There is a fingle feries of teeth in the upper and under jaw, placed at the verge, 
and very fharp, and among thefe there are fome fmaller than the reft, and moveable; 
and there are more teeth in the upper, than in the lower, jaw : at the fides of the pa¬ 
late there are two feries of teeth in longitudinal lines, and in the anterior part of the 
interftice, between thefe, there are a few fmaller teeth : the palate is entirely fmooth, 
but deep in the fauces; there are fome very (harp teeth turning inwards: the tongue is 
thick, and has on it a few fharp teeth, difpofed, as it were, in two feries, and point¬ 
ing inward. 
There are two fins on the back : the one has fifteen rays; the other, which is the 
hinder, has no rays at all, but is a thick, blackifh, fatty, and merely membranaceous 
appendage, in form of a fin: the pedoral fins are blackifh at the extremities, and 
have each fourteen rays; the belly fins are whitifh, with a little black on the outfide ; 
they have each nine rays, and fometimes ten, arid there always ftands a large flefhy and 
fquammofe apophyfis at the top of each of thefe : the pinna ani is white and fattifh, 
and has twelve or thirteen fins; the tail is forked, or rather is hollowed in form of a 
fmall fegment of a circle ; it is of a blackifh colour, and has nineteen rays. 
We have this in many of our large rivers, particularly in the North of England, in 
vaft abundance. Pliny and all the Latin writers call it fimply Salmo, Caffiodonis 
Anchorago; and Albertus and Cuba, Eriox and Erox. Aldrovand and fome few 
others call it Salmo nobilis ; fome, Salmo vulgaris and Salmo. 
Salmo maxilla inferiore paulo longiore , maculis rubris. 
The Salmo , with the lower jaw fomewhat largejl , fpotted with 
red 
This is not an inhabitant of the fea or rivers indifferently, as the falmon, but is en¬ 
tirely a river fifh : the head is fmall and fharp, but the opening of the mouth is very 
large: the teeth are large, numerous, and fharp ; there are three feries of them on 
the palate, and one feries in each of the jaws; the three feries in the palate run nearly 
parallel in longitudinal lines, and the middle one is largeft : the lower jaw is vifibly 
longer than the upper, though the difference is but little: the body is thick, and not 
broad, in proportion to it’s length; the back is of a dufky blackifh 5 the fides of a fine 
lilvery hue ; and there are, both above and below the lateral line, a number of elegant 
red fpots ; thefe, in the months of May and June, are of the fined bright crimfon, 
but at other times the red is lefs glowing : the tail is not forked, but is hollowed, as 
it were, in form of a fegment of a circle: it is a very beautiful fifh, and is, with 
juftice, greatly efteemed at our tables. 
We have it in moft of our fhallow rivers, where the current is fwifr. Authors in 
general call it Trutta and Truda ; fome Trutta fluviatilis. Albertus calls it Tritta, and 
Ifidore, Varius. Some have called it Thedas and others Fario, Salar, and Forella. 
Salmo vix pedalis , pimiis ventralibus rubris , maxilla inferiore 
paulo longiore . 'J Zfyt 
The little Salmo , with the belly fins red , and the lower jaw CflcIXth 
fomewhat longeft . 
This is a very elegant fifh : it’s general length is nine or ten inches, and it’s body 
is not broad, but flender and fomewhat rounded: the back is convex j the belly is 
fiat : the head is fmall, and of a fomewhat conic figure; the opening of the mouth 
is large ; the teeth are numerous and fharp, but there is no middle feries of them on 
the palate : the colour of the back is a dufky brown, approaching to black ; on the 
fides it is a fine filvery white, but there are feveral broad fpots of a dufky colour, both 
above and below the lateral line: the belly is fomewhat flatted, and is of a reddifh co¬ 
lour j there are fome whitifh fpots between the dufky ones: the lateral line is ftraight; 
the fcales are moderately large, and ftand in an imbricated manner, and the tail is hol¬ 
lowed rather than forked. 
We have this fpecies in the cold lakes, on the tops of our high hills in Weftmore- 
land, and other parts of the North of England. Linnaeus found it in the cold lakes 
in Lapland, in which no other fifh, nor hardly fo much as an infed, could live, where 
not fo much as a fingle water-plant was to be found: it is there in fuch abundance, 
L 1 1 that 
