The Hiflory of ANIMALS. 
231 
Gadus dorfo tripterygio, maxilla inferiore longiore, lima 
laterali reEia. coined). 
The Gadus > with three back fins, with the lower jaw 0? ttltb 
longefii and the lateral line firaight. 
This fpecies greatly approaches to the common whiting in fhape and fize : the head 
is comprefled, and the body is alfo fomewhat comprefled, but it is thick, in propor- 
tion to it’s length: the eyes are large ; the mouth alfo is very large, and is is furnifhed 
with a great number of fharp teeth : the back is convex $ the lateral line is white $ 
the general colour of the fifh is black’flh, but it is elegantly variegated with a dufky 
yellow : the tail is fomewhat forked, but it is very little; the lateral line is very broad 1 
the firft of the three back fins has fourteen rays, the fecond has twenty, and the third 
twenty-two; the pe&oral fins have each eighteen rays, and the ventral ones have 
only fix: there are two pinnse ani j the firft of them has twenty-two rays, and the 
fecond nineteen. 
We have this in our feas, efpecially about the northern coafts. Our common peo¬ 
ple in Northumberland call it the raw Pollack and the black Pollack ; Ray, Willughby, 
and Aldrovand, all call it Afellus niger; Bellonius and Gefner borrow one; of our 
common people’s names, and call it Pifcis Colefifh Anglorum ; Schoneveldt turns this 
into Latin, and calls it Afellus niger five carbonarius; and Charleton, Afellus niger 
five mollis nigricans. 
Gadus dorfo tripterygio , maxilla inferiore longiore 3 linea 
laterali curva . 
The Gadus , with three back fins, with the lower jaw 
loitgefi , and the lateral line crooked. 
%\)e rafting 
^ollactr. 
The ufual length of this fifh is from eight to thirteen inches, and it is confiderably 
thick, in proportion : the head is comprefled ; the opening of the mouth is large, and 
the teeth are numerous and fharp : the eyes are large, and their iris is filvery, and the 
r pupil is large and grey : the back is convex; the fides are fomewhat rounded ; the late¬ 
ral line is of a dulky colour, broad and confpicuous, and is crooked : there are three 
fins on the back ; the firft of thefe has only eleven rays, the fecond has nineteen, and 
the third has fixteen : the pedtoral fins have each fixteen rays, and the belly fins have 
only fix each : the pinnae ani are two the firft of thefe has fixteen rays, and the fe¬ 
cond has eighteen. 
This is frequent in our feas, and is taken in great abundance on the northern coafts. 
Ray and Willughby call it Afellus Huitingo-Pollachius, a ftrange barbarous name, 
formed of the Englifh one; Schoneveldt calls it Afellus virefcens: and the before- 
mentioned authors, not obferving that this was the fame fifh, have defcribed it again 
from Schoneveldt, and, under his name, as another fpecies. This is an error, by which 
the fpecies of fifh have been ftrangely multiplied. 
\\' 
G A D I. Divifion the Second. 
Thofe which have three back fins> and have cirri or beards at the mouth . 
Gadus colore vario , maxilla fuperiore longiore , cauda cequali . 
The various-coloured Gadus , with the upper jaw longefl , and 
the tail even. 
3C |)t 
^ HIS fpecies grows to a very confiderable fize, three or four feet in length be- 
ing not uncommon : the head is comprefled behind, but in the anterior parr, 
when the mouth is (hut, it appears rather deprefied : the body is very thick, the back 
convex, and the fides rounded: the eyes are large, and the noftrils have a diftin<ft, 
double aperture ; the belly is fomewhat prominent, and the anus is fituated high : the 
upper 
