The Hijlory of ANIMALS. 
2 53 
general call it Erythrinus live Rubellio ; Paulus Jovius, Fragolinus and Pagrus five 
Phagrus ; the Venetians call it Albero and Arboro ; the Portuguefe, Pagro and the 
Italians, Fragolino and Frangolino ; the Spaniards, Pagel. 
Sparus rubefcens cute ad radkem pinnarum dorfi et am in 
finum produEia. %\}t 
The reddijh Sparus , with the Jkin at the bafe of the back blZillth. 
fin, and pinna aniforming afinus. 
* 
This is a very broad filh, in proportion to it’s length : the head is not large, but the 
mouth opens wide, and is well furnifhed with teeth : the eyes are large and beautiful ; 
the noftrils are confpicuous, and have each a double aperture ; they Hand at about a 
middle diftance between the eyes and the extremity of the head : the back is elevated 
into a high ridge; the belly alfo is ridged ; and at the bafe of the back fin, and of the 
pinna ani, the lkin forms a kind of finus: the pe&oral fins are finall and obtufe ; the 
pinna ani is long and low ; the tail is forked, and there are granulous tubercles in 
the mouth. 
This fpecies is frequent about the coafts of France, and is fometimes caught about 
thofe of England ; the antients were well acquainted with it. Ariftotle, /Elian, and 
Athenteus call it #<*3^ ; and from hence the Latin writers have alfo called it Pha¬ 
grus and Pagrus; the French call it Pagre ; and we the Sea-bream. 
Sparus varius dorfo acuto , dentibus quatuor majoribus . 
7 he variegated Sparus , with a ridged back , and with 
four large teeth . 
This is a very fingular fpecies: the head is not very large; the rofirum is obtufe, 
and the body fomewhat comprefled and broad, in proportion to it’s length : the mouth 
is not large, but there are four very large teeth in it, which make a fingular fi¬ 
gure : the back is raifed into an acute ridge 5 the belly is alfo ridged ; the colour is a 
deep olive brown, but it is elegantly variegated with darker and paler fpots; the back 
fin is very long, and has ninety rays in it ; the pinna ani has only ten rays : the tail 
is forked. 
This fpecies is not unfrequent in the Mediterranean ; the antients were well ac¬ 
quainted with it. Ariflotle calls it Swaypk ; and /Elian, SuveJw* Athenreus ufes both 
thefe names; Ovid and Charleton after him call it Synodon; others, Pagrus, Dentex, 
Dentix, and Dentrix; Bellonius, Dentalis. 
Sparus lineis utrinque quatuor argenteis et aureis parallelis 
longitudinalibus. 
The Sparus , with four gold and fiver-coloured^ longitudinal\ 
parallel lines on each fide . 
This is a very beautiful fifh ; the head is large, and the body is not flatted, but 
rounded, and confiderably thick, in proportion to it’s length : the mouth is moderately 
large; the teeth are fharp and flender, yet very ftrong; they are defended by lips 
which fall over, and perfectly cover them, when the mouth is {hut: the eyes are large 
and beautiful; the back is convex, and the belly fomewhat flatted; the fides are 
rounded, flefhy, and prominent: the body of the fifh is of a pale colour, but below 
the lateral line there run on each fide four very elegant, longitudinal, parallel lines of a 
gold and filver colour : the back fin is long, and has thirty rays; the pinna ani has 
nineteen rays; the pedtoral fins are red. 
This fpecies is frequent in the Mediterranean j the antients were very well acquainted 
with it. Ariftotle calls it Bwn?; ■ and Oppian and Athenasus, Bwg ; Pliny calls it Box 
and Boca; Paulus Jovius, Boca; and Gaza, Voca. Rondelet, Gefner, and Charleton 
call it Boops; Aldrovand, Boops Bellonii; the Italians and French call it Boga and 
Bogue. 
T t t 
Sparus 
