2 6q 
The Hijlory /^ANIMALS. 
are joined by a very thin and weak membrane, and are fmall, in proportion to the lize 
\ of the fifh.: the belly fins are whitifh, with fome fpots of a biackifh-grey, and with 
the admixture alfo of a little red ; they have each fix rays, and the firft of thefe is 
prickly; they are all thick and robuft at their origin : the firft back fin is elegantly va¬ 
riegated with fpots of a deep black, and of a greyifti-yellow ; it has fourteen rays, and 
all of them are robuft and prickly : the hinder back fin is of a greyifh-colour, with 
fmalier fpots of black and of yellow ; this has twenty-three rays; the two firft of thefe 
are prickly, the others are ramofe: the pinna ani is white, "but it is variegated with 
very minute black fpots, and has fourteen rays, the two firft of which are Diickiy: the 
tail is forked. 
The breaft of this fifh has been faid, by fome, to be naked, but it is covered with 
fcales: the liver is red; it is principally in the left fide, and is divided into two large 
lobes, and fome fmalier apophyfes: the gall-bladder is fmall and yellow ; the domach 
is moderately large and oblong, and has fix appendages below the pylorus; thefe are 
large and red, and both thefe and the ftomach are ufually found full of a thick, white 
chyle : the inteftine makes but one turn, but it has a great variety of convolutions in 
that courfe, and is ufually covered very thick with fat: the fpleen is of an oblong, 
triangular form, and a dufky red colour, and is placed near the intedine : the ovaries 
in the females feem two didindt ones placed one on each dde, but, when more clofely 
examined, they are found to coalefce at the bottom ; thefe are, at the feafon, didended 
with a vaft number of yellowifh, white ovula, and the vulva is dtuated juft below the 
anus: the air-bladder is long and thick, and is extended along the back-bone; it is 
divided into two parts, as it were, at top, in the manner of a heart at cards: the pneu¬ 
matic dudt is dtuated at it’s anterior and upper part ; the peritonseum is of a ftlvery co¬ 
lour, and the flefh of the fifh is white, firm, and well taded. 
It is an extreamly voracious fifh, and will feize almoft bn any thing: it is very fre¬ 
quent in the Northern feas. Gefner call it, Pifcis quem Schilum Germani vocant, alii 
Nagemulum ; Aldrovand retains the fame name for it 3 Ray, Willughby, and feve-. 
ral others call it Lucio-perca, or the Pike-pearch ; Johnfton, Schilus j and Charleton, 
Schilus five Nagemulus. The Swedes call it Gios; and the Germans, in different 
places, Sandat, Schindel, and Nagemaul. 1 
Perea lineis utrinque o&o vel novem tranfverjis nigris . 
'The Perea , with eight or nine black tranfverfe lines on each fide . 
This is a fmall fpecies: the head is large, and of a fome what depreffed form at the 
top; the eyes are large, and ftand at a didance : the nodrils are dtuated at a fmall dif- 
ftance below them, and have each a double aperture : the mouth is very large, in pro¬ 
portion to the bulk of the fifh, and is furnifhed with a great number of fbarp teeth : 
the back is fomewhat ridged; the fides are prominent, and the belly, from the gills to 
the anus, is fomewhat flatted : the colour on the back is a deep blackifh-brown ; the 
fides are of the fame colour, only much paler, and with a caft of yellowifh, and have 
each eight or nine tranfverfe black ftreaks on them : the firft of the two back fins has 
eight rays; the fecond has thirteen : the pebtoral fins have each fourteen rays, and the 
pinna ani has twelve : the belly fins have only five each. 
This is very frequent in France, and in fome parts of Germany. Ray, Willughby, 
Jonfton, and many other writers have called it Afper pifciculus, a name which they 
have alfo given to the common Stittle-back or Gafterofteus, with fome confufion ; 
Gefner and Aldrovand call it Afper pifciculus Gobioni fimilis, which diftinguifhes it 
from the other Afper pifciculus. Gefner, in fome of his works alfo, calls it Gobius 
afper. 
Perea radiis pinnee dorfialis fecundee tredecim , ani quatuor- 
decim . . 5T|) t 
The Perea , with thirteen rays in the fiecond back fin , and 'JBUStt* 
fourteen in the pinna ani . 
/ • 
This is a very lingular and a very large fpecies; it grows to three feet in length, and 
is moderately thick, in proportion, and it’s general figure fomewhat refembles the fal- 
mon: the fcales are large, and adhere very firmly : the back is of a deep blackifh 
colour. 
| 
