3 12 
The Hijiory ^ANIMALS, 
This fpecies is frequent in the Northern Seas, and often makes it’s way up rivers: 
it was very well known among the antients. Ariftotle and Athenreus call it Delphis j 
fiElian, As\(p\v, and Oppian, Asx(p) g Pliny, and after him moft of the other Latin 
writers, call it Delphinus3 Aldrovand, Delphinus prior 3 and Ray, very properly, 
Delphinus antiquorum. We call it fometimes the Dolphin, but more ufually the Por- 
pefs. It is extreamly wrong, however, to confound two fifh fo perfedly diftind, un¬ 
der the fame name 3 and the more fo, as we have two diftind names for them. 
Delphinus roftro furfum repan do, dentibus latis ferratis. 
The Delphinus , with the roftrum repandous upwards , 
and with ferrated teeth. 
The fize of this fifh has made it generally taken forsa^whale, though it is properly 
of the fame genus with the porpefs and dolphin : the head is large, and fomewhat de- 
prefted toward the roftrum 3 the lower jaw is larger and more robuft than the upper: 
the opening of the mouth is very wide, and both the jaws are armed with ftrong 
teeth : the fiftula or aperture for the difcharge of water is in the middle of the headj 
the eyes are large, and the apertures of the ears are very fmall : the body is very thick, 
it’s diameter is more than equal to half it’s length3 it’s figure is fomewhat rounded, but 
the back is broad, and the belly flatted : the tail is large and horizontal. 
This is frequent in the Northern Seas, and is apt to play about upon the furface of 
the water, fo that it is oftener feen than any of the others, even in places where they 
are equally frequent. All the old Latin writers call it Orca, and moft of the moderns 
have taken the fame name3 Sibbald and Ray call it Balaena minor utraque maxilla, 
dentata 3 Paulus Jovius calls it Capidolius3 and Marten, Buts kopf. We call it the 
Grampus 3 and others the Springer, the North Caper, the Tandthye, and Loper. 
B A L M N A. 
HERE are in the upper jaw of the Balente certain laminae of a horny matter, 
which fupply the place of teeth, but there are none fuch in the lower jaw : the 
fiftula or aperture for the difcharge of water is double, and is fituated either on the 
forehead, in the middle of the head, or in the roftrum: the back has in general no 
fin upon it. 
The horny laminae, in the upper jaw of this fifh, are the fubftance which we call 
whalebone. 
Balaena fflula in medio capite , dorfo caudam verfus acu~ 
minato. 
The Balcena , with the fflula in the middle of the head\ 
and the back ridged toward the tail. 
This is the fifh determinately and properly called the Whale, the principal objed of 
the Greenland fifhery, and the firft known fpecies. It grows to a monftrous fize : the 
head is extreamly large, and of an irregular figure : the lower jaw is much larger than 
the upper, and covers it at the fides 5 the upper is narrow and oblong : the fiftula is 
double, or has two diftind apertures, and is fituated in the middle of the head be¬ 
tween the eyes: the eyes are very fmall, in proportion to the enormous bulk of the 
head, and are placed at a great diftance from one another 3 they are a little higher up, 
in the head than the fiftula : the whole head is fomewhat deprefted, and has fevers! 
irregularities on it’s furface : the body is very thick, and fomewhat rounded, but 
toward the extremity of the back there is a fubacute angle, extending itfeif longitudi¬ 
nally to the tail: the tail is fomewhat forked, but not deeply fo 3 it is very large, 
and in it’s horizontal fituation makes a very fingular figure. 
This is an inhabitant of the moft Northern Seas 3 the Greenland fifhery has this 
fpecies for it’s principal objed, though it occafionally takes in any thing that can yield 
the materials for oil. Ariftotle calls it Mus-hmit©*, and Pliny juft mentions it under 
the name Mufculus 3 but thefe authors had but very impeded ideas of it, all th ey 
knew being from hearfay and relation, Sibbald, who has entered into the diiiindlons 
of 
