The Htfiory ^ANIMALS, 447 
and all before, there being no mark of a hinder toe at all: they are not conneded by 
a fingle membrane, in the manner of the web-footed fowls ; but the toes have each a 
feparate membrane on each fide, increafing their breadth. 
We have not this fpecies native in England, but it is very common in many other 
parts of the North of Europe, and mod of the writers on birds have defcribed it. 
Martin calls it, fimply, Columba; Willughby and Ray, Columba Groenlandica 5 
Rudbeck, Colymbus minor; and we, the Greenland Dove, or the Sea-turtle. It 
builds among the rocky cliffs in Norway, Denmark, and Sweden, and lays only two 
eggs, which are large, and much fought after by the people on the fea-coafts as food. 
LARUS, 
T H E beak of the Larus is ftraight all the way, except juff at the point, where 
it turns down : and it is obtufe, and not denticulated along the fides; and it’s 
lower chap is gibbous or protuberant. 
Larus albus dorfo cano . 
The white Larus y with a hoary bach 
%i)t mm 
This is a pretty bird, though it have very little variegation in the colouring : the 
whole bird is of a clear and bright white, except that the back and the upper parts of 
the wings are grey, or of a hoary colour, and the long feathers of the wings are alfo 
grey, and that fomewhat deeper than the others: the three or four firft of them have 
alfo a black fpot at their extremity, and a white dot within this ; and all the others are 
white on their outer edge : the tail is moderately long, and undivided at the end, and 
it is throughout of a white colour, equal in brightnefs to that of any other part of the 
bird. 
The legs are fhort, and of a bright yellow; the feet are large, broad, and webbed, 
and the hinder toe is very fhort and inconfiderable: the thighs are feathered at the 
top, but they are at lead: half the way naked : the eyes are large, and their iris is grey: 
the region of the eye-lids is naked, and their edge of a fcarlet colour. 
The upper chap of the beak fomewhat refembles that of the raven; it is convex 
and cultrated, and arched, and the lower chap is gibbous : the comers of the mouth 
are naked, and of a bright fcarlet colour; the tongue is fagittated, and bifid at the ex¬ 
tremity : the beak is itfelf yellow, and the palate of the mouth is denticulated t 
The fize of the bird is that of a well-grown pullet; the female is fomewhat fmaller 
than the male. It lives on fait- water about the fea-fhores, and in the ponds and ditches 
in the fait marfhes. The coaffs of Scarborough afford a great number of them at fome 
times, but at others there is hardly fuch a bird to be feen : they fometimes build with 
us, and lay three large eggs. Many of the authors who have written on birds have 
defcribed it, though fome have omitted it, They call it, in general, Larus albus; our 
people, the white Gull. 
Larus albus dorfo cinereo-fufco. 
The white Larus y with a greyifh-brown bach 
This is. a fomewhat larger bird than the preceding, but it is not fo 
head is large, and flatted on the crown, and the eyes large and grey : 
of the beak is black, and the under one yellowifh, but there is nothing of that fcarlet 
colour in this, which is fo confpicuous at the angles of the mouth; nor are the verges 
of the eye-lids fcarlet, as they are in that fpecies. 
The fize of the bird is that of a large hen: the head is white, but it is not fo 
bright and clear a white as in the preceding fpecies; the neck is whitifh ; the bread: 
and 
30f)e great 
gtep ©till. 
handfome : the 
the upper chap 
