The Hiftory ^/ANIMALS. 505 
breaft is of a reddifh-grey, and fo are the Tides, but the Tides have more of the red 
than the breaft: the belly, efpecially toward the tail, is white: the long feathers in 
each wing are eighteen j the tail is fhort, and is compofed of twelve feathers, all of 
equal length. 
This is a native of Germany, France, and Italy ; it Tometimes comes over to us in 
winter. Authors call it Coccothrauftes and Coccothrauftes vulgaris. We the Haw-finch 
or Grofs-beak* 
Loxia roftro forfcato. 
The Loxia , with a for feat ed beak . 
Xlje 
This is much of the form and fhape of our bull-finch, but a little larger : the head 
is large and rounded 5 the eyes are large, and their iris is of a greyifh hazel: the beak 
is very long, in proportion to the bird, and is of a very lingular form : it is thick at 
the bafe, and both the chaps are arched or bent fo, that the points crofs one another, 
and ftand at a difiance: the head, neck, back, and covering feathers of the wings are 
of a deep blackifh colour, but the edges of all the feathers have a greenifh caft; there 
is alfo fomewhat of grey in the head, along with the general colour : the rump is 
greenifh; the upper part of the throat is grey, and the breaft is green,; the belly is 
white, and the feathers immediately under the tail are black. This is the general co¬ 
louring, but the bird differs extreamly both in the different fexes, and in ages, and 
even in feafons of the year; it has often more of the green, fometimes a great deal of 
yellow in it, and at fome times is brownifh. 
It is frequent in Germany, and we have it alfo in the Weft of England ; with us 
it eats apples, cherries, and other Vruits, and is very ravenous. In other parts of Europe 
it feeds principally on the kernels in the cones of the pine and fir-kind, and it’s beak 
feems formed on purpofe for the getting at them. All the authors on birds have called 
it Loxia. 
Loxia capita nigro , peSiore rubente. 
The Loxia , with a black head , and a red breaft. 
%$t Bull- 
fsttdj. 
This is about the fize of the common fparrow : the head is large and rounded 5 the 
eyes are large, and their iris is hazel j the beak is very thick, and very fhort, and both 
chaps are convex : the front of the head is black, but in the male there is fome red- 
nefs at the fides: the back is of a dufky bluifh-grey, approaching to black, as are alfo 
the neck, fhoulders, and tops of the wings: the breaft is red, as is alfo the throat; 
the belly is white, and there is alfo fome white in the feathers* which cot^r the bafe 
of the tail, and the larger ones of the wings: • the wings are elegantly variegated with 
black and red ; the tail is fhort, black, and compofed of twelve feathers. 
This is common with us. Authors call it Rubicilla and Pyrrhula ; we, the Alp, or 
Nope, and the bull-finch. 
MO T A G I L L A. 
T H E beak of the Motacilla is of a fubulated figure, and is ftraight ; the tongue 
is lacerated. 
Motacilla peElore nigro . 
The Motacilla , with a black breaft . 
common 
CSfagtatl. 
This is a very beautiful bird; it is about equal to the gold-finch in fize, but the 
body is longer, in proportion, and is much better covered with feathers, fo that it 
looks much larger than it is ; the head is large and rounded ; the eyes are large, and 
6 N their 
