140 
the results obtained in 1869 throughout the United Kingdom. There is 
one-fourth increase in the number of head sold—1,477 against 1,853, over 
e£2 increase in the average price per head, and nearly £18,000 increase 
in the total sum realized. Eighty-three animals were sold for 100 
guineas and above, averaging about £180, "against 30 animals in 1868, 
and 52 in 1869. The highest price, 800 guineas, was given for a heifer, 
but, as she has since failed to breed,pf large portion of this sum has 
since been returned. The next highest sum paid was 500 guineas for a 
two-year-old heifer. Only 9 of the 83 were bulls, the highest bringing 
,240 guineas. Most of the trade for bulls, however, is transacted "pri¬ 
vately, when higher prices prevail. 
The table to which reference has been made is merely a summary of 
public sales. Much business is done privately, at high prices. The 
sale of 14 animals from the Aylesby hei^ for 2,000 guineas is quoted; 
also the sale of Captain Gunter’s 2 Duchess heifers for 2,500 guineas, 
and of 7 animals from the Warlaby herd for 5,000 guineas, for exporta¬ 
tion to America, Australia, and Canada. 
At the Irish draft sales, there has been a great increase in prices. 
Mr. Welsted’s 14 averaged £34 Is. 10 dr, Earl Fitzwilliams’s 14 averaged 
£31 As. 9d., and Mr. Crosbie’s 26 averaged £23 13s. Id. In Scotland 
prices have been similar to those of last year; three lots averaging £32, 
£32 13s., and £30 7s., respectively. 
An enormous foreign trade has been transacted; much of which 
was done privately, Mr. Cochrane, of Canada, alone spending nearly 
£15,000 in pure-bred animals. 
AMERICAN SHORT-HORNS. 
The editor gives a detailed account of a visit, during the past winter, 
to the United States and Canada, during which he saw several of the 
leading American * herds. Somoof these are very minutely and favor¬ 
ably described. Complimentary allusion is made to the fact that the 
re-importation of short-horns from America into England has been suc¬ 
cessfully inaugurated within the past few years. He says: “ Short¬ 
horn breeders, ere this, have been able to form their own judgment 
upon the cattle that have, since 1861, been sent back into this country, 
and their offspring have, by their own merit, shown that the blood has 
suffered little if any degeneracy, even under a change of climate, and 
on different soil and food.” 
The following reference is made to the Ba^es stock of short-horns : 
Few strains of blood have created of past years more attention, than that of the 
Duchess tribe ; the scarcity and demand for it in this country led to its re-importation 
from America, where, consequently, it has drawn forth as much, or even more, notice. 
Although Duchess 34th, generally admitted to be one of the finest of the tribe, was 
offered by Mr. Bates, in 1835, (whilst in calf, with Duke of Northumberland 1,940, by 
Belvedere,) to the Ohio Company for 150 guineas, she was not purchased; and the 
first exportation of Duchesses was made by Mr. Thorne from Earl Ducie’s sale in 1853. 
A period of depression in America ensued afterward, and it is considered that Thorn- 
dale, Duchess County, New York, situated in a cold, hilly district, near the Hudson 
River, in its deficiency of limestone, was unfitted for the growth and development of 
short-horns. Mr. Thorne sold most of his herd to Mr. Sheldon, whose estate at White 
Springs Farms, Geneva, is in a good grass region, has a fine wheat soil, and is 
thoroughly adapted for cattle. Here the tribe increased, but domestic circumstances 
led to the sale of Mr. Sheldon’s herd to Messrs. Walcott and Campbell, of New York 
Mills, Utica, where this branch of the tribe is at present located. Here are (De¬ 
cember, 1870) ten cows and heifers, varying from two to ten years old; two heifer- 
calves ;/npne three-year-old bull, and four bull-calves; but all these cows and 
feht^A^^Mbreeding state. There is at the present time great demand for 
tne p edi gree^*rne word pur e ' ’ " ’ * ” 
— 9 /-./* 7 * 7 . 
here used technically, and is intended to con- 
