198 
ON THE GEOLOGY AND NATURAL HISTORY 
Gnaphalimn uliginosum , Linn. Council Bluffs. 
Artemisia longifolia, Nutt. Common on high hills along the Yellowstone. 
Artemisia dracuneuloides , Pursh. Bellevue to Yellowstone. 
Artemisia filifolia , Torr. Gravelly hills along the Platte; Bad Lands. 
Artemisia Canadensis , Michx. Near Fort Laramie; also Durion’i^hills to Yellowstone. 
Artemisia Ludoviciana , Nutt. In the Bad Lands and along the Yellowstone; always 
white, with deeply serrate or entire leaves. 
Artemisia cana , Pursh. Abundant on the Yellowstone, and on the Missouri above 
Fort Union. This is the species which is properly called “sage” on the Upper 
Missouri; it grows shrubby, two to four feet high. 
Artemisia frigida, Willd. From latitude 43° to mountains. 
Artemisia tridentata , Nutt. Common in Bad Lands. 
Artemisia biennis , Willd. In Platte valley. 
Senecio aureus, Linn. Council bluffs and Big Sioux. 
Senecio integerrimus, Nutt. About Council bluffs to mountains. 
Senecio lobatus, Pers. Fort Leavenworth to Fort Pierre. 
Senecio canus , Hook. Bad Lands to Yellowstone, with the upper leaves serrate or 
entire, tomentose, canescent or almost glabrous. 
Senecio filifolius^ Nutt. Black hills. 
Senecio spartioides , Torr. & Gray. Niobrara river. 
Senecio rapifolius , Nutt. Laramie mountains. 
Senecio eremophilus , Richards. Black hills. 
Gacalia atriplicifolia , Linn. Bellevue, N. T. 
Cacalia tuberosa> Nutt. Not uncommon on the rich bottoms of the Missouri and 
Platte. 
Lygodesmia juncea^ Don. A very abundant plant all over the sterile hills of the 
Upper Missouri and its tributaries; grows most luxuriantly on the second upland 
prairie. It makes its first appearance near Council bluffs, and extends to the 
mountains. 
Cirsium altissimum , Spreng. Bellevue to Fort Pierre. 
Cirsium undulatum , Spreng. Arid hills and prairies from Niobrara to Fort Pierre 
and Bad Lands. The var. jk Torr. & Gray, with smaller heads and more deeply 
divided and spiny leaves, was found on the Yellowstone. 
Cirsium canescens , Nutt. Bad Lands; certainly biennial with a long root; perhaps 
belonging to C. undulatum , as Torr. Sc Gray suggest; distinguished by the deeply 
pinnatifid and decurrent leaves; decurrent part 4-1 i inch long, undulate and very 
spiny; peduncles leafy; involucre pubescent. 
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