256 
UMBELLIFEK^E. 
Saniculd. 
in irregularly compound few-rayed umbels, involucrate with sessile leafy usually 
toothed bracts, the bracts of the invoiucels small and entire. 
A genus of a few scattered species, more than half of them native of North America, and of 
these only two are confined to the region east of the Rocky Mountains. The Californian species, 
are chiefly limited to the Coast Ranges and are peculiar in their habit, small fruit, &c. 
* Leaves palmately divided, the lobes toothed, or lacerate, or pinnatifid with decur¬ 
rent segments: rootstocks thickened. 
-t- Mature fruit shortly pedicellate: flowers yellow. 
1. S. arctopoides, Hook. & Arn. Stems very short, with several divergent 
scape-like branches, often much exceeding the leaves (3 to 6 inches long), each bear¬ 
ing an umbel of 1 to 3 elongated rays: leaves deeply 3-lobed, the cuneate divisions 
once or twice laciniately cleft, with lanceolate acute spreading segments: involucre 
of 1 or 2 similar leaflets: heads large, 3 to 6 lines in diameter, with conspicuous 
invoiucels of 8 to 10 narrowly oblanceolate mostly entire bracts: fruit shortly 
pedicellate, 1J lines long, naked at base, strongly armed above. — Bot. Beechey. 
141 ; Hook. FI. i. 258, t. 91. 
About San Francisco and eastward in the Sacramento Valley, in the plains and on dry hillsides. 
Strongly marked by its low scape-like branches, large invoiucels, and laciniately lobed leaves ; 
plant yellowish green. The figure in Hook. FI. represents the species poorly, and but for the 
large solitary head might be supposed to be from a low form of S. laciniata. 
2. S. Menziesii, Hook. & Arn. Stem solitary, erect, 1 to 2 J feet high, branch¬ 
ing: leaves rounded-cordate, 2 or 3 inches broad, very deeply 3-5-lobed; the broad 
lobes sharply toothed or somewhat cleft and the teeth tipped with slender bristles ; 
upper leaves more narrowly lobed and laciniately toothed : umbel of 3 or 4 slender 
rays; involucre often small, of 2 or 3 narrow leaflets, the invoiucels of 6 to 8 lan-. 
ceolate entire bracts a line or two long : sterile flowers nearly sessile : fruit 4 to 8 
in each head, becoming distinctly pedicellate and divergent, obovate, a line long or 
more, covered with hooked prickles. — Bot. Beechey, 142; Hook. FI. i. 258, t.‘90. 
In shaded woods from Santa Clara County to the British boundary. 
+- +- Fruit sessile. 
3. S. Nevadensis, Watson. Stem very short, the peduncles mostly from the 
base; 1 to 6 inches long: leaves ternate, the divisions oblong-ovate, 3-5-lobed; the 
segments lobed or toothed : involucre pinnatifid and toothed, a half to an inch long : 
rays about 5, sometimes branched, 2 to 5 lines long in flower, becoming to fl¬ 
inches long; invoiucels somewhat one-sided, of several oblong acute bracts more or 
less united at base : flowers yellow, the sterile equalling the pedicels : fruit covered 
with stout hooked prickles. Proc. Am. Acad. xi. 439..- 
Indian Valley, Plumas County, Mrs. M. E. P. Ames , 1874 ; Lemmon. 
.4. S. laciniata, Hook. & Arn. With the habit of S. Menziesii: leaves cordate 
or triangular, 3-parted, the divisions laciniately 1 -2-piiinatifid and the segments 
laciniately toothed; the teeth spinosely pointed : flowers yellow: mature heads 
small, globose; the numerous fruit naked at base, hooked-bristly above. — Bot. 
Beechey, 347. S. nudicaulis, Hook. & Arn. 1. c. 
From San Diego to Humboldt County. A form is collected at San Diego and on the Buena¬ 
ventura with larger heads of flowers and the divisions of the leaves more oblong ; perhaps dis¬ 
tinct, but the fruit is unknown. ' 
5. S. bipinriatifida, Dougl. Erect, a foot high or less, with usually a pair-of 
opposite leaves at base and 1 to 3 leaves above: leaves long-petioled, triangular to 
oblong in outline, 2 or 3 inches long, pinnately 3-5-lobed; the segments distant, . 
incisely toothed or lobed, decurrent on the toothed rachis; teeth spinose-pointed or 
only acute : umbel with usually 3 or 4 elongated rays, the cleft involucre lateral: 
Missouri Botanical- Garden 
George Engelmann Papers 
