TRANS. ST. LOUIS ACAD. SCIENCE. 
[598 
lines wide, 11 high, with pointed bracts, seed with narrow wings, as in 
the species, but larger) brought home, indicate a large cone, such as he . 
describes as 6 inches long and 2^ thick. S. Watson and lately A. L. Siler 
collected a similar form on the Wasatch Mountains; but the loose broad 
scales sent by the former may possibly belong to concolor , which grows 
in the same region.. The mere fragments of this interesting form, seen by . 
me, do not permit me to give more than the above indications. 
This species has troubled botanists considerably. It is probable that 
Hooker’s lnsiocar$a belongs here, as a branchlet together with a few scales, 
preserved under that name in the Kew Herbarium, seems to point out ;> but 
the description in the Flor. B. A., which mentions the leaves as the long¬ 
est of any N. A. Abies , refers perhaps to something else, and has certainly 
given cause for the application of the name to the long-leaved forms, of 
concolor in thb English nurseries. Then, in 1863, A. Murray distinguished 
a form of this species, collected by Lyall in British Columbia and on the 
Upper Columbia River, as A. bifolia, recognizing the different forms of 
foliage, but misapplying the scientific name. About the same time speci¬ 
mens and seeds from Colorado were distributed by Dr. Parry and by E. 
Hall as A. grandis, and may now be cultivated as such in Europe. That 
Parlatore and others have taken it for amabilis has already been stated. 
4. A. grandis ( Pinus , Douglass Mss., 1830, and in Bot. Mag. Comp. 
2, 147, 1836; Pari. 1. c. 427), Lindl. Pen. Cyc. n. 3 (1833), Link* etc.—This 
is one of the tallest firs known and therefore properly named 'grandis by 
Douglas, a tree up to 200 and frequently 240 (Nuttall) or even 300 feet 
higb (E. Hall), but in diameter less than some others,,perhaps not more 
than 4 feet; bark smooth and browrfish (Nuttall) ; wood white, soft, and 
coarse : a native' of the litoral regions of the northwest coast, from Cape 
Mendocino in California, Bolander , Vasey, which seems t^be the south¬ 
ern limit of several northern trees, to the British Possessions (in Vancou¬ 
ver’s Island as A. Gordoniana Carr.) at least as far north as Fraser’s River, 
Jeffrey, Lyall. But, common and valuable as this timber tree is in Ore¬ 
gon, very little information about it has reached us, and its cones seem to 
be almost unknown in collections.—The foliage is glossy green, without 
stomata above, and with 2 well marked white bands, each of 7-10 rows, 
below; leaves mostly 1-2 inches long, more markedly distichous, at least 
in the sterile branchlets, than in most other of our species, strongly 
grooved and notched; leaves on the fertile branchlets similar but rather 
shorter, and occasionally rounded at tip.' The hypo derm cells are scat¬ 
tered all over the upper surface of the leaf, forming an interrupted stratum 
under the epidermis ; on the sides and. keel they are, mostly, only moder¬ 
ately developed. Cones cylinclric, 2-4 inches long, with broad scales 
(nearly twice as broad as they are high), and short, bilobed or 2-auriculate 
bracts, with or without a short mucro. Seeds with a broad, very oblique 
wing, almost as broad as it is long. . 
This species js cultivated in. European gardens from Douglas’ seeds, 
sent home 45 years ago; in the Edinburgh bot. garden under its proper : 
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 m.ssoOr 
Botanica 
copyright reserved garde 
