SEMAEOPUS. By L. B. Prout. 
87 
S. justata Walk. (= tepidata Walk.) (11 b). Somewhat variable but unmistakable, since it is the only jv.sla.ta. 
small Brazilian Semaeopus with the bright ochreous or reddish ground-colour. Cell-rings small, on the upper 
surface white-centred; the terminal cloudings between the radials and at anal angle (mentioned in the de¬ 
scription of rubellula) are often cpiite strong but sometimes slight. Not rare, esx)ecially in the Bio district. 
S. ochratipennis Warr. (= citrina part., Druce) (11 b). Paler, more clay-yellowish than justata, the ochratipen- 
forewing relatively somewhat more elongate, the cell-marks less clearly white-pupilled; terminal line slender ms 
and not very dark, but only quite slightly interrupted at the veins. Venezuela; also (wrongly determined by 
Druce as citrina) Tabasco and Costa Rica. Possibly a form of ambagifera. 
S. vincentii sp. n. (11 b). Intermediate in shape and colour between justata and ochratipennis, perhaps vincentii. 
nearer to the former but with the irroration weaker and less reddish. Cell-spots somewhat larger and more 
oval; lines slender, but well developed, median line more deeply incurved behind the 3rd radial than in justata-, 
subterminal shades weak or wanting. Bequia I., St. Vincent, August-September 1903 (Duffus), <$ type and 
3 $ ? in Tring Museum; the $ is 1 mm smaller than the $ $ and has the cell-spot of the hindwing somewhat 
more blackened. — luciae subsp. nov., from Santa Lucia is closely similar, but less bright, generally more Juciae. 
or less suffused with grey in the median area; on an average larger (expanse 27—31 mm), but more extensive 
material is needed to confirm the distinctions. 1 cV, 3 the type a large $ in British Museum. 
S. ambagifera Warr. (11 b). Variable, or possibly embracing 2 or 3 species whereof the distinctive ambagifera. 
characters have not yet been definitely worked out. Somewhat less ochreous than ochratipennis, the distal 
margin of the hindwing appreciably more bent at the 1st radial. A characteristic marking is the dark spot 
behind the base of the 2nd median, generally more conspicuous on the hind-than on the forewing; in the 
however, which are more commonly irrorate throughout than the <$<$, or at least have a band-like shade proximal 
to the postmedian, this spot is often partly obliterated. The name-type, from Cucuta (Venezuela), has the 
antemedian line definitely incurved in the middle, the subterminal curved rather than angled at the 1st radial. 
Similar, though somewhat more ochreous forms occur occasionally in Brazil (Rio Janeiro, etc.); specimens from 
Pernambuco (Recife) are still nearer to the type in colour, but have the subterminal line more angulated, the 
curvature of the antemedian somewhat variable. — eublemmaria Obertli. (11 b), from Bahia, is probably a mere eublemma- 
aberration, with somewhat more rounded hindwing and slightly stronger-marked underside; a few examples ru 
which I have seen from Bahia are almost indistinguishable from the Pernambuco, though one shows a strength¬ 
ened cell-ring on the hindwing much as in Oberthur's figure. — consotorinata Warr. (11c) was founded on a consobri- 
small form from Ciudad Bolivar, and was considered by its author to be a separate species, the antemedian 
line not incurved, the subterminal somewhat angular anteriorly, the hindwing more bent than in ambagifera. 
Intermediates, however, seem to occur, even in Venezuela (Valencia), but 1 provisionally refer to f. consobri- 
nata all the forms with the straight antemedian, and give as its known range: Venezuela, Bolivia, Paraguay 
and Brazil. 
S, bimacula Warr. (11 c) is not likely to be mistaken for any other Semaeopus-, the colour, the strong bimacula. 
darkening of the costal margin of the forewing and of the terminal spots are quite characteristic, as also the 
more proximally placed 2nd line and the very small or obsolescent cell-dot of the hindwing. Very general from 
Central America, Trinidad and the Guianas to Bolivia and S. Brazil, the type from Rio Demerara. 
S. redundata Prout (11 c), the only near relative of bimacula, is generally somewhat larger and is of a redundata. 
much duller brown, with thickened median shade of forewing and sharper (though equally small) cell-dot of 
hindwing. The genitalia show very considerable differences (see Nov. Zool., Vol. 25, p. 85). Carabaya (loc. 
typ.) and (in a smaller form, ? race) N. W. Venezuela. 
S. bottgeri Warr. (11 c). Coloration nearly as in redundata, shape different, terminal patches of forewing bottgeri. 
larger, often connected together and with the median shade by dark clouding, that at anal angle of hindwing 
wanting. E„ Peru, chiefly from Huancabamba, Cerro de Pasco. $ unknown; its discovery may well prove 
bottgeri to be a Lipotaxia. 
S. clotho sp. n. (11 c). Possibly a race of bottgeri but much smaller (22—23 mm), the hindwing slightly dotlw. 
shorter costally and longer hindmarginally, the cloud of forewing darker, terminal dot in celhde 7 and all the 
fringe-dots stronger, etc. Taperinha, near Santarem (Zerny), type $ in Museum Wien; St. Jean de Maroni, 
a $ in Tring Museum. —- watkisisi subsp. nov. is a trifle less small (24 and 25 mm); appearance somewhat watJcinsi. 
browner, shape of hindwing perhaps more approaching that of bottgeri, cloudings of forewing variable. S. Peru: 
Chaquimayo (loc. typ.) and Yahuarmayo, several collected by H. C. Watkins, the type in my collection. 
S. marginata Schaus. 25 — -29 mm. Wings yellow in the roseate in the $, irrorated with a few black marginata. 
and white scales. Forewing: basal half of costa violaceous; lines fine, wavy, brownish; outer margin from inner 
angle to above vein 5 broadly violaceous; fringe red. Hindwing: median and outer lines as on forewing; extreme 
margin and fringe violaceous. Mexico. 
