SCOPULA. By L. B. Prout. 
143 
type, a $. “Whitish cinereous, with a slight testaceous tinge; (four) lines pale cinereous, slightly zigzag; discal 
point and marginal points black; forewing acute, with an indistinct interior line; hindwing with the median line 
brownish hindward; exterior border slightly bent in the middle; length of wings 10 lines.“ Brazil. Dognin 
says his puerca (supra) is very similar. — ab. trias Warr., from Chulumani, Bolivia, should probably be sunk trios . 
as a larger “ approbate i ” (see under apparitaria) ; Warren distinguishes it by the more zigzag postmedian line, 
but I find many subquadrata of all sorts in which it is thus formed. White, with the lines and shades pretty 
uniform, moderately distinct. — ab. loc. atomaria Warr. (16 f). Very like the preceding, the tornal spot equally atomaria . 
undeveloped; more brownish and more irrorated, dots on the fringe often more or less indicated (compare com¬ 
pensator, postmedian line of forewing generally rather indistinct at its subcostal angulation. Jamaica. — - ab. 
tincta Warr. (16 f) stands between typical subquadrata, and ab. tortuosaria; spot near tornus strengthened, that Undo . 
between the radials less so, but well noticeable, no distal prolongation thereof. Rio Inambari, S. E. Peru, 
floccularia H.-Sch. (16 f) may be a separate race, though it is more probably a mere coincidence that the numerous jloccularia . 
examples which I have seen show much more constancy than continental subquadrata. A rather simple form, 
with hindmarginal spot of the forewing not manifest except in the rare cases in which one between the radials 
is equally manifest (foreshadowing obluridata) . Cuba. The Florida subquadrata which I have seen seem to agree 
with it : distinct from compensator in the whitish face and pale wings, etc. 
S. limboundata Haw. (= ennucleata Hulst err. transcr., alabastaria Hulst err. transcr. et det.. abornata limboundata . 
Prout) (16g). Another extremely variable species but not, I think, in danger of being confounded with any 
other. Hindtarsus extremely short. Underside pretty constant, white, with small cell-dots and terminal dots 
and slender postmedian (weaker on the hindwing). The synonymy of the principal forms has been complicated 
by the changes in the nomenclature of the species itself. Haworth in 1809 described from Georgia the ornate- 
bordered form which, founding my study on Guenee's work, I named adornata in 1907. — ab. enucleata enucleata . 
Guen. (= restrictata Walk., reconditaria Walk. , continuaria Walk.) (16 g). Although Guenee knew (and figured) 
one of the blotched forms, he called that “var. A” and his type was quite definitely the simple form, with only 
the lines, dots and light subterminal shades. — ab. mensurata Walk, is an unimportant modification of enucleata, mensurata . 
purer white, the subterminal shades still fainter, not at all macular. — ab. relevata Swell (= enucleata var. relevata . 
A Guen.) is a rather frequent form with a dark subterminal blotch on the fore wing only; typically this 
reaches only from the hindmargin to the median veins, but there is often some extension (or rather, reap¬ 
pearance) of dark maculation in the region of the radials. Types from New York State; exact localities are not 
given for those of the two preceding aberrations, but the variation is not geographical. — limboundata is very 
general in Canada and the United States from the Atlantic to the Rocky Montains. The life-history has been 
described in detail bv Dyar, who bred it on wild cherry and apple; without doubt a general feeder on low plants, 
the eggs laid unattached. Larva strongly elongate and slender, with the head rounded, the predominant color¬ 
ation brown, with some admixture of ochre; the adult larva (stage 6) is described as wood-brown, dorsally (from 
the metathorax hindward) ochraceous; mediodorsal line diffuse, redbrown “becoming a bluish white bar on 
the large 1st annulet; an irregular, broken addorsal pattern of crinkly black marks. Hibernates in the 4th or 
occasionally the 5th stage and is full-fed in the spring. Moth single brooded, June to August. 
S. timandrata Walk, (= rufilinearia Walk., rufilineata Hulst) (16 g). Apparently a very rare species or timandrata. 
perhaps a remarkable local form of limboundata, with the markings more reddish, formed as in ab. relevata, the 
fringes reddish, the underside darker, terminal dots weaker. Both the types are $$ from Florida. 
S. dorsitiigrata Warr. (16 g). Very distinct in its shape and tone; rather large, the forewing elongate, dorsinigrata. 
the hindwing sharply angled (also with pronounced apex and tornus), the median shade extremely oblique, on 
the forewing broad; postmedian dots of the forewing rather near the termen. Abdomen with dark spots. Antennal 
ciliation of <$ very long; hindtarsus about as long as tibia. S. E. Peru: Santo Domingo, not rare. 
S, donaria Schaus (16 g). Altogether less striking than dorsinigrata and considerably smaller; but, with donaria . 
the possible exception of dehortata (see below), I know of no South American species with which it could be 
confused. Darker and relatively longer-winged than omissa. Forewing beneath suffused with brown except 
at hindmargin; postmedian line beneath more distinct than above. Castro, Parana. I only definitely know 
a possible is much less dusky, the median shade much thinner, the underside less heavily marked, the 
hindtibia moderately dilated, with tarsus about 2 / 3 . S. E. Brazil. 
S. dehortata Dogn. has about the size of donaria and its author says that it “most resembles our imitaria dehortata. 
Him.” (Vol. 4, pi. 41) and “comes near recursataria Walk,” (by which I believe was understood dismutata or 
something very similar, scarcely the true recusataria) . Loja, 3 <$<$. I noted it as “smaller and much more fleshy- 
brown than omissa Warr., median shade less strong, hindtarsus somewhat longer than tibia”. Cell-dot of fore¬ 
wing hardly indicated, of hindwing distinct. 
